Why India Can't Be China | Chandran Nair (GIFT Founder & CEO) on Asian Insider

为何印度无法复制中国发展之路，吉夫特研究所创始人兼首席执行官

In this eye-opening episode of Asian Insider by ‪@straitstimesonline‬, host Ravi Velloor sits down with Chandran Nair - environmental engineer, long time China expert, and Founder of the Global Institute for Tomorrow - to confront one of India’s biggest crises: its collapsing environment.

From China’s remarkable journey from “most polluted nation on Earth” to dramatic clean-ups in air, water, rivers, and reforestation, Nair reveals the decisive state policies, tough enforcement, infrastructure mega-projects, and societal mobilisation that made it possible. He then turns to India: choking air that kills thousands daily, worsening water and soil crises, and a population even larger than China’s. Why has India fallen so far behind despite strong scientific talent?

《海峡时报》旗下《亚洲内幕》本期节目发人深省，主持人拉维·韦洛尔专访环境工程师、资深中国问题专家、全球未来研究所创始人钱德兰·奈尔，深入剖析印度面临的最大危机之一：日益恶化的生态环境。

中国曾是全球污染最严重的国家，如今却在空气、水质、河流治理及植树造林方面实现突破性生态改善。背后的关键因素：国家顶层决策、严格执法力度、大型基建工程，以及全社会协同动员，共同促成了这场生态蜕变。

随后他把视角转向印度：空气污染严重，每日数千人因此离世；水土资源危机持续加剧，人口规模甚至已经超越中国。明明拥有雄厚科研人才储备，印度为何在生态治理上远远落后于中国？

以下是印度网友的评论：

leehussen9448
China is China because of Chinese.
India is India because of Indians.

中国之所以是如今的中国，是由中国人造就的。

印度之所以是如今的印度，是由印度人自己造成的。

willengel2458
to build a skyscraper you need a good solid foundation. India lacks that good solid foundation. India wasn't even a country when the Brits set foot on Indian subcontinent. it was the Brits who cobbled all the Raj, kingdoms, and tribes that formed India. India inherited that India, and why India had partition independence.

盖摩天大楼必须要有坚实地基，而印度恰恰缺少这种稳固根基。英国人踏入印度次大陆时，这里根本不是统一国家，是英国人把各个藩邦、王国和部落强行拼凑成了印度。印度接手了这个拼凑出来的政体，这也是它独立时直接分裂的根本原因。

godzillamothra5983
It is not just a political system, it is also a political will. Take the Yangtze river case for example. When China want to fix it, the Chinese banned fishing for 10 years, immediately affecting tens of thousands of fishermen along the river. Of course the government tried to lessen their pain, hel some fishermen to transitioned into river cruise for tourism, bought their boats and find them works on lands, but it is still painful. Today, Yangtze river is recovering, even dolphins begin to come back.

这不止是体制差异，更是执政决心的差距。以长江治理为例，中国下定决心生态整治后，直接实施十年禁渔，立刻影响了沿岸数万渔民的生计。政府也出台帮扶政策，扶持渔民转行做江上旅游、收购渔船、安排岸上就业，即便如此转型过程依旧艰难。如今长江生态逐步恢复，就连江豚都重新现身了。

F.Checker
Indians still admires the former colonial master a lot, adopted their systems fully (including the bad apples) and trying hard to emulate the West blindly. At the same time, fingerpointing and smearing China as a boogeyman, expansionist and ruthless dic ship without even seeing what they have progressed and developed remarkably throughout the decades. Especially with the livelihood of the ordinary population unlike India.

印度至今还十分崇拜昔日殖民宗主国，全盘照搬对方的制度，连弊端也一并承袭，还一味盲目效仿西方。与此同时还无端抹黑中国，把中国塑造成反派、扩张强权和专制体制，却无视中国几十年来的巨大发展成就，尤其是普通民众生活水平的提升，这一点和印度形成鲜明反差。

maxchi1176
Don't do comparison.. China develo for upgrade his people living standard... Endia only serve for 10% rich people....thats the difference

没必要再多比较。中国发展是为了提升全民生活水平，而印度发展只服务于顶层10%的富人，这就是最本质的差距。

huzef
Saar we only live ambani and adani and our businessman only do trading and power generation no manafacturing and indigenous tech

在印度，财富都集中在安巴尼、阿达尼这些大财阀手里。本土商人只做贸易和电力行业，根本不搞制造业，也不研发自主核心技术。

eddychoi1587
China has a meritocratic government that is of the people, by the people, for the people. The Bharat umpire's government is corrupt to the core that serves the rich 1%.

中国任人唯贤，真正为民服务。而印度政府腐败透顶，只为顶层1%的富人利益效劳。

PVLTD
Well, China likes to focus on long-term plans, India prefers short-term plans. In fact India is considered pretty successful in short-term plans. Like keeps changing its local laws to tax the shit out of all foreign investors that had setup their production plants in various parts of India. And then the foreign investors would forced to sell their fixed assets to local conglomerates at pennies.

中国擅长做长远战略规划，印度只看重短期利益，而且玩得很熟练。印度经常随意修改本土法规，在当地建厂的外国企业被重税压榨，最后只能被迫低价把固定资产卖给印度本土财团。

never4ever386
Because they have 4 year terms and that’s all the politicians are interested in to be benefit themselves in that short amount of time

印度政客任期只有四年，他们只关心在短短任期内为自己谋私利，根本不会考虑国家长远发展。

stxngzhe
In China we use satellite images to monitor land use. Even one open a stone quarry in a very remote mountain the government will immediately know it. This technology was developed more than ten years ago. Illegal building/deforestation etc all disappeared.

中国早已用卫星遥感监测土地使用情况，哪怕在深山私自开采石场，相关部门也能立刻察觉。这项技术十多年前就已普及，违建、乱砍滥伐等现象基本绝迹。

jeffrey4181
India can't even compare with Japan and EU nations and let alone with China.

印度连日本、欧洲国家都比不上，更别说和中国相提并论了。

bekasiblis9540
Even as the biggest corrupted countries in asia, my country indonesia is still better than india

印尼就算算得上亚洲腐败最严重的国家之一，整体发展也还是比印度强。

oberstleutnant787
India is only comparable with her south Asian neighbours like Pakistan, Bangladesh or Sierra Lanka.

印度也就只能和巴基斯坦、孟加拉国、斯里兰卡这些南亚邻国放在一块比较。

katong1953
Chandran Nair is right. The problem with India is ultimately political.

钱德兰·奈尔说得没错，印度所有问题的根源，归根结底都在政治层面。

ABCABC2020HKYYY
The Chinese have never felt the need to compare ourselves with others; historically, we were the world's leading civilization for millennia, with the exception of the last hundred years or so. Regarding India, beyond Buddhism and yoga, there seems to be little else of note.

中国人向来不屑和别国攀比。历史上数千年来我们一直是世界顶尖文明，只是近百年暂时落后。反观印度，除了佛教和瑜伽，几乎没什么拿得出手的成就。

antagonist142
Regarding old times... India was way ahead of China and was leading the whole world for 6-7 centuries... right now india is at its bottom but we will rise soon.

放在古代，印度曾领先中国，领跑世界长达六七百年。如今虽处在低谷，但我们很快就会重新崛起。

muddlethrough
Liberal de ocracy was completely the wrong path for India to go down. Forced into it by Britain, poor old India. Hopefully they'll find a system that fits one day and be the fantastic country that it can be.

西式民 主完全不适合印度，这是当年英国强行强加给它的。希望印度未来能找到适合自己的发展体制，发挥自身潜力真正强大起来。

englee3127
If India can honor its contracts, if the government stops extorting multinational corporations, if the government is not corrupt and doesn't cause trouble for businesses, and if the Indian people don't keep their promises for petty gains, then there is only a glimmer of hope for India to reach China's level. Otherwise, it is simply impossible.

如果印度能信守商业契约、政府不再压榨跨国企业、杜绝腐败不为企业添堵、民众不贪图小利背弃承诺，或许还有一丝追上中国的希望。做不到这些，就根本没有可能。

CitizenoftheWorld-g2g
They cannot do any of this. A two-faced snake cannot change its colours.

印度根本做不到这些，江山易改本性难移。

WorkersPartyofKorea1945
American say exact same thing about china

美国人也是用这套说辞来抹黑中国的。

glassdoordimension
Only China can be China; India should focus on being India and develo India and turning shitty India into prosperous India, but India will never be China.

中国只能是独一无二的中国。印度该专心做好自己、踏实发展，把落后的现状变得繁荣，永远没必要也不可能变成第二个中国。

jrkr7357
India has spent more than 70 years and is becoming worse

印度发展七十多年，不仅没变好，反而越来越差。

liewjames2852
Of course India can never rise to China's level. It is more interested in hype, politicking, opportunism and self-glorification rather than actual hard work and industry. Above all it's a double-headed snake in international diplomacy, commerce and trade. Benchmark itself against Bangla Desh and lose outright!

印度永远达不到中国的高度。只懂炒作造势、政治内斗、投机自夸，不肯踏实苦干搞实业。在外交和经贸上还两面三刀，就算只跟孟加拉国比，也照样落败。

flhong
If India wanted to be like China, she would first clean up her own backyard.

印度真想追上中国，先把自己国内的乱象治理好再说。

peternguyen9386
India is still a colony of imperialism and kept poor and only top 5% gets rich. Just like Tib where China freed from slavery. This is still done globally by imperialist s except a few countries

印度依旧处在帝国殖民的变相束缚中，国家整体贫困，只有顶层5%的人暴富。就像中国解放xz脱离奴隶制一样，如今全球多数国家仍受帝国势力牵制，只有少数国家实现了独立自主。

DucaTech
India's landmass is only 1/3 of China, but China was able to clean up its pollution compared to India. All Indian politicians and government officials can do is talk. No action. Indians always brag about de ocracy, but what has Indian de ocracy brought about to people's lives in terms of living standards

印度国土面积只有中国的三分之一，中国都能彻底治理污染，印度却做不到。印度官员只会空谈不办实事，整天吹嘘皿煮，可所谓的皿煮到底给民众生活水平带来了什么实质提升？

esphilee
In China, people adopts confucian.
In India, people impose confusion.
That is the difference.

中国人信奉儒家守秩序，印度各方陷入混乱无章法，这就是两国的根本差距。

HoneyBadger-u6h
There are multiple reasons why India will never be another China. India is very fragmented in its politics and language and the central govt can not bring out change like China did. Globalization is almost over. Every country is trying to do their own manufacturing and improve their own infrastructure now. There are too many smaller countries like Vietnam, Malaysia, Bangladesh, etc. who can provide better manufacturing and logistics than India can. India still needs to import all raw materials from China even for its pharmaceutical industry. Even the era of the IT industry where India dominated is coming to an end replaced by AI.

印度永远成不了第二个中国，原因有很多。政治和语言派系分裂严重，中央政府没法像中国那样推行大刀阔斧的改革。全球化红利时代已经落幕，各国都在自建制造业、完善基建。越南、马来西亚、孟加拉国等小国，制造业和物流条件都比印度更好。就连印度制药业的原材料，也全都依赖从中国进口。曾经独占优势的IT行业，也正被人工智能逐步替代，优势不复存在。

channel-xo
Trump reposted a post from another person about illegal immigrants and in that repost, it called India, and inadvertently lumped China in, as hell holes. China didn't even noticed and certainly don't bother. But India, they made a big fuss in the local media, and came out with guns slinging, trying to debunk very hard that India is 'advanced' etc, not a hellhole. This shows that India is so insecure, trying to change perceptions that is actually true. And China is so confident, knowing that people can see through lies, and no need to counter anything.

特朗普转发了一条关于非法移民的帖子，文中把印度顺带扯上，还不小心把中国一起归类为落后地区。中国完全不在意、懒得理会。印度却在本土媒体大肆炒作，极力辩解自己很发达、绝非落后之地。这足以看出印度内心极度不自信，强行篡改大众固有印象；而中国底气十足，相信世人自有判断，根本没必要出面辩解。

lokaskarak3442
India is the greatest because it has the most gods in the world

印度最了不起，毕竟拥有全世界数量最多的神祇信仰。

superphi
Japan was about to beat America in the 1980s but because they were an American vassal was force to do what America wanted. The Chinese r very similar to Japanese and China isn’t a vassal so America cannot order china around like they did Japan

上世纪80年代日本经济眼看就要赶超美国，却因为是美国附庸，被迫顺从美方要求。中国人做事风格和日本人很像，但中国绝不依附他国，美国没法像拿捏日本那样对中国发号施令。

klove5765
Not only India isn't like China but it will never be like China because Capitalist rather double down on Capitalism rather than say they were wrong about Socialism

印度不仅现在比不上中国，以后也永远赶不上。因为资 本主义阵营只会一条路走到黑，绝不会承认自己对社 会主义体制的偏见是错误的。

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