Agriculture, dairy shielded in India-US deal; trade pact in weeks

印美贸易协定中农业与乳制品行业获保护，正式协议数周内敲定

NEW DELHI: A day after announcements by PM Modi and US President Donald Trump that the two sides had reached a trade agreement, the govt asserted that sensitive sectors such as agriculture and dairy have been protected and labour-intensive sectors such as textiles, leather, marine products and gems & jewellery stand to benefit from the deal, which is expected to be finalised in the coming weeks.

“We all know how PM Modi is worried about the interests of our farmers, those in animal husbandry and dairy, and has always secured their interest. He has never allowed their interests to be compromised… even in the US trade deal, India’s sensitive sectors, agriculture and dairy, have been protected,” commerce minister Piyush Goyal said.

新德里消息：在莫迪总理与美国总统特朗普宣布双方达成贸易协定的次日，印度政府表示，农业、乳制品等敏感行业已得到保护，纺织、皮革、水产品、宝石珠宝等劳动密集型行业将从协定中获益，该协议预计在未来数周内最终签署。

印度商部长皮亚书·戈亚尔表示：“大家都清楚，莫迪总理始终心系农民、畜牧及乳制品从业者的利益，一直全力维护他们的权益，绝不允许其利益受损……即便在此次对美贸易协定中，印度农业、乳制品等敏感行业也得到了保护。”

As a result, cereals, maize, soybean and genetically modified food may be kept out of the bilateral trade agreement, which has been in the works since last Feb.

Goyal said that Modi had managed to secure a very good deal for India, which was better than what US had offered to some other competing countries. Indian and American officials are currently engaged in drafting a joint statement which is expected to be finalised in the next few days.

Late Monday, Trump and Modi had announced that a deal had been finalised and tariffs on Indian imports will be slashed from 50% to 18%. Trump had gone on to claim that India will import oil, coal, technology and farm products to the tune of $500 billion from the US.

因此，谷物、玉米、大豆及转基因食品大概率不会被纳入这份自去年2月起启动谈判的双边贸易协定。

戈亚尔称，莫迪为印度争取到了十分有利的协议，条件优于美国向其他部分竞争国家开出的条款。印美双方官员目前正起草联合声明，预计未来数日内完成定稿。

周一晚间，特朗普与莫迪共同宣布达成协议，美国对印度输美商品关税将从50%大幅降至18%。特朗普还宣称，印度将从美国进口总额达5000亿美元的石油、煤炭、技术及农产品。

The numbers came as a surprise given that in 2024-25, India’s overall goods imports added up to $721 billion.

People familiar with the discussions said that goods imports from the US are projected at $100 billion annually over the next five years, compared with $46 billion last year. Some tariff concessions to the US will be phased over a period of time, with some items likely to be allowed through import quotas, as is the case under the recent FTAs with the EU, New Zealand and the UK.

这一数字令人意外，原因是2024至2025财年印度全部商品进口总额仅为7210亿美元。

知情人士透露，未来五年印度自美商品进口预计年均达1000亿美元，而去年这一数字为460亿美元。印度对美部分关税减让将分步实施，部分商品或将采用进口配额管理，这与印度近期同欧盟、新西兰、英国签署的自贸协定模式一致。

以下是印度时报读者的评论：

Anupbhatia
USA SEC AGRICUTURE TWEET ON RECORD I WISH I COULD POST IMAGE HERE ANNOUNCED THAT INDIAN MARKETS WILL OPEN TO USA AGRICUTURAL PRODUCE AND US FARMERS WILL EARN FROM THIS. WILL MODI SHIVRAJ PIYUSH DENY THIS OR WE SHOULD SHOUT DESH KO BECH DIYA MODI NE AGRUCUTURE IS OUR BACKBONE IT WILL BE DESTROYED .

美国农业部长公开发了推文，我真希望能在这里发截图。他宣布印度市场将向美国农产品开放，美国农民能从中赚钱。莫迪、希夫拉杰、皮尤什会否认这件事吗？还是我们该直接喊：莫迪把国家卖了。农业是我们的命脉，这下要被毁掉了。

Ankit
Learn to read. It's crystal clear in the report that GMO and dairy are not part of bilateral agreement.

先看懂文字再说。报道写得非常清楚，转基因产品和乳制品不在这份双边协议里。

Jayachandran Menon
Atlast something is going to happen. Definitely our exports expected to move up. But Trump is difficult to trust, he can suddenly change everything at any time.

总算要有实质性进展了。我们的出口量肯定会上升。但特朗普这人信不过，他随时可能突然变卦。

Discussion
If Pappu is commerce minister, does he have a skill to negotiate this complex deal?

要是拉胡尔当商务部长，他有本事谈成这么复杂的协议吗？

Tilakdhari
Today Narendra Modi and the BJP's grand fools are celebrating over an 18% trade deal - while until now, America imposed an average tariff of less than 3% on India

现在莫迪和人民党这帮蠢货，还在为18%关税的协议庆祝。要知道之前美国对印度商品的平均关税还不到3%。

Akshay S
Why empty words? Let's have the details.

别光说空话。把协议细节拿出来。

Pkopko
There is no clarity on which Agriculture goods are considered as protected? Is only wheat protected and rest of the farmers sacrificed? Already cotton farmers are badly impacted after zero percent duties on US cotton even before this trade deal. It is indian small farmers trying to compete with big agricultural corporations backed by dollar printing machines.

到底哪些农产品受保护，根本说不清楚。难道只保小麦，牺牲其他农民？

这份协议签之前，美国棉花已经零关税进来，印度棉农已经损失惨重。

现在是印度小农户，要和靠印钞机撑腰的美国大农业公司竞争。

Yoga N Mani
Reuter has more definite details of the India-USA Deal
India will grant the United States some LIMITED access to its market for AGRICULTURAL PRODUCTS but MAINTAIN KEY PROTECTIONS, officials from the two countries said on Tuesday as the outlines of a tariff-reducing trade dealbetween U.S. President Donald Trump and Indian President Narendra Modi started to emerge.

U.S. Trade Representative Jamieson Greer told CNBC that the deal would reduce India's tariffs on American industrial goods to ZERO, from about 13.5% and ELIMINATE DUTIES on U.S. tree nuts, fruits, vegetables, wine and spirits. In exchange, the United States will reduce its tariffs on Indian goods to 18% from 50%.

路透社披露了印美协议更确切的细节。

两国官员周二表示，印度将有限度对美国开放农产品市场，但核心领域仍严格保护。特朗普与莫迪达成的降税协议框架正在逐步公开。

美国贸易代表杰米森·格里尔对CNBC表示，协议将印度对美国工业品的关税从约13.5%降至零，同时免除美国坚果、水果、蔬菜、葡萄酒和烈酒的关税。作为交换，美国把对印度商品的关税从50%降到18%。

An Indian government official told Reuters on Tuesday that India would gradually ramp up purchases of U.S. petroleum, aircraft, defense and telecom goods and pharmaceuticals as part of the deal, which includes a multi-year commitment to buy $500 billion in American goods. "It will be done over the years," the official said, adding that a more comprehensive pact between the world's two largest de ocracies would be negotiated over the coming months.

The deal DOES INCLUDE AN IMMEDIATE REDUCTION IN TARIFFS ON AMERICAN CARS the official added.

Neither side provided a start date for the trade deal. Greer said that U.S. and Indian officials were still putting terms on paper. A U.S. official said the goal was to complete that work this week or soon thereafter.

一名印度政府官员周二对路透社说，根据协议，印度将逐步增加采购美国石油、飞机、国防、电信产品和药品。协议还包含多年采购承诺，总额达5000亿美元。“这会分多年完成”，该官员补充说，两国还会在未来几个月谈判更全面的协定。

官员还透露，协议确实包含立即下调美国汽车关税的内容。

双方都没有公布协议生效日期。格里尔称，美印官员仍在起草正式文本。一名美方官员表示，目标是在本周或稍后完成定稿。

The deal also calls for India to halt its purchases of Russian oil in exchange for lowering U.S. tariffs on Indian goods and eliminating a 25% punitive duty related to Russian oil that Trump imposed last August.

That move was aided by U.S. moves to ease sanctions on the sale of Venezuelan oil and an explicit offer by the United States to India to resume its purchases, the U.S. official said.

"It's objectively a big deal that we locked down a trade deal with India and resolved this longstanding oil issue that the former Biden administration had also raised," the official said. The two countries will finish getting the deal on paper, Greer said, "but we know the specifics, we know the details.

协议还要求印度停止购买俄罗斯石油，以此换取美国降低印度商品关税，并取消特朗普去年8月因俄油问题加征的25%惩罚性关税。

这名美方官员说，美国放松对委内瑞拉石油的制裁，并明确提议印度恢复购买委油，为这一安排提供了支持。

“我们和印度敲定贸易协议，还解决了拜登政府也提过的长期石油问题，客观来说是重大成果。”这名官员说。格里尔表示，两国会完成文本定稿，“但具体条款我们都已经明确。”

Overall, Greer said India's tariff reduction for nuts, fruits and vegetables, wine and spirits access amounted to a "big win" for U.S. farmers, opening a market of more than a billion people to more U.S. goods.

Greer did not mention any new U.S. access to India's markets for rice, beef, soybeans, sugar or dairy, which are highly guarded commodities that India excluded from its recent trade deal with the European Union.

格里尔总结说，印度对坚果、果蔬、酒类降税并开放市场，对美国农民是重大胜利，让美国商品进入十亿级人口市场。

格里尔没有提到美国新进入印度大米、牛肉、大豆、食糖或乳制品市场。这些都是印度高度保护的品类，此前与欧盟的协议里也没有开放。

Anand Pathalayi
Hope so that our negotiators have resisted the American pressure to dump GM corn and GM soya into India. This issue is very close to Trumps heart because it's mostly grown in the republican ruled states in US.

希望我方谈判人员顶住了美国压力，没让转基因玉米、大豆倾销进印度。这事特朗普特别上心，因为这些作物主要种在美和党执政的州。

Balaji Ramana
All confusion, no clarity.

全是糊涂账，一点都不透明。

Dthe Negotiator
It is a combination of the "Maduro Effect" plus the "Epstein Effect" which equals to the "Trump Effect" and the deal was so quickly agreed to.... The media here can reflect and guess as much as it can but there is no denying that buying Venezuelan oil is the future, and dealing with Trump is the reality. The deals with China and Russia and EU will come and go..

这次协议这么快谈成，是“马杜罗效应”加“爱泼斯坦效应”，凑成了“特朗普效应”。印度媒体可以随便分析猜测，但有一点没法否认：买委内瑞拉石油是未来方向，和特朗普打交道是现实。和中、俄、欧盟的协议来来去去，都比不上这个。

Guest
Another slap on sickular's face

又狠狠打了伪世俗派的脸。

No Need To Contril Others
A seriouslesson for India…can’t rely on any country for jobs, trade or weapons.. Must become strong as China… Develop as strong economy, manufacturing, defence technology quickly… Otherwise you’re vulnerable to blackmailing. To hell with with the Scam gress… if they continue to obstruct, throw the traitors in jails… Anti-India Nehru Crime Family allowed China, S Korea, Taiwan and Singapore to outcompete, and grow faster than, India during their over six decades of occupation of India.

印度要吸取惨痛教训：就业、贸易、武器都不能依赖任何国家。必须像中国一样强大，快速做强经济、制造业、国防技术，否则就容易被人要挟。国大党诈骗集团滚蛋，再敢阻挠就把叛徒关起来。反印的尼赫鲁犯罪家族掌权六十多年，放任中国、韩国、中国台湾地区、新加坡赶超印度、发展比印度更快。

Pinaki
Every deal is done only when it is done - signed on the dotted line. So kee fingers crossed. However, given that we had the EU deal in the bag, pivoted to France and Russia on Defense and US messed up its position in Europe, I believe India has good leverage. Having said that - a deal is always a give and take. For India to get concessions, it would have given some concessions to US as well. However, expect this deal to be a comfortable one for India.

任何协议只有正式签字才算落定。所以我们还是得谨慎观望。不过考虑到我们已经拿下欧盟协议，国防上转向法国和俄罗斯，美国在欧洲地位又受挫，我认为印度谈判筹码很足。话虽如此，协议总归有来有往。印度想拿到让步，必然也要对美方做出一些让步。但整体来看，这份协议对印度应该比较有利。

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