美媒：为何中国建设速度如此之快，而美国却难以做到

Why China can build so quickly and America can’t

为何中国建设速度如此之快，而美国却难以做到？

America has a hard time building stuff. Roads. Trains. Light rail. Bridges. Housing. Everything takes seemingly forever, if it even happens at all.

Meanwhile, there’s China. A country that builds much faster — high-speed trains, solar panels, electric cars, bridges, ports, drones — all churned out at breakneck speed.

Why can China do this, and why does it seem like America can’t?

在美国，各类基础设施建设往往举步维艰。无论是公路、铁路、轻轨，还是桥梁、住房，即便最终能够建成，也是遥遥无期。

与此同时，中国的建设速度则令人瞩目。从高铁、太阳能电池板、电动汽车，到桥梁、港口、无人机，各类项目与产品均以惊人速度不断落地、产出。

以下是美国雅虎网友的评论：

Leonand
Well they don't have half the county hating the other half by the design of people who want more power through division. Another thing they didn't mention is business fraud carries a possible death sentence and even the wealthy pay for their crimes. That rarely if ever happens here. 2 tiered justice is how America operates and we are supposed to love that?

他们国家可不会有人为了夺权，故意让一半国民敌视另一半。还有件事他们没说：在那里，商业欺诈可能会判死刑，就算是有钱人犯了罪，也得付出代价。这种事在我们美国几乎不可能发生。美国搞的是双重司法体系，难道我们还得喜欢这套？

chris
And we’re brainwashed to be satisfied with our crumbling infrastructures because we’re the greatest and every other nation is third world living in huts.

我们还被洗脑了，觉得自家破破烂烂的基础设施没什么问题——就因为有人说我们是最牛的，其他国家全是住草棚的第三世界。

Martin
he reason for "its run by lawyers, they run by engineers", is a simple one. in china, the government decides what needs to be done. orders people to do it, and gets done. (or else). here, individuals decide what needs to be done, and offers a service to do it. one happens very quickly without red tape or that pesky problem of needing to convince others to get it done. it is the very definition of individual freedom.

“美国由律师主导，中国由工程师主导”，原因很简单。在中国，政府决定要做什么，下令让人去做，事情就能办成（不办不行）。在我们美国，得由个人决定要做什么，再提供服务去落实。前者办得快，不用走繁琐流程，也不用费劲说服别人。而后者，才是个人自由的真正体现。

WhoKnew
Exactly. The US was founded on liberty and individual freedoms, and thrives on Americans exercising those freedoms without interference by a government regardless of whether run by lawyers or engineers. The outflow of Chinese nationals to the US indicates which nation is preferred and more successful for their People. btw: The magnificent Three Gorges Dam in China is a ticking disaster in the making. The Chinese engineers made a few design mistakes, as is typical with all engineers.

说得对。美国是靠自由和个人*利建立的，不管政府是由律师还是工程师主导，只要美国人能不受干预地行使这些权利，国家就能发展。中国人往美国移民，说明哪个国家更受青睐、更能让民众过得好。顺便说一句：宏伟的三峡大坝就是个定时炸弹。中国工程师犯了几个设计错误。

Kent
You drew exactly the wrong conclusion. There are more Chinese in the US than Americans in China because US is MUCH less competitive and easier to make a living than China. China is hyper-competitive. This is why China is wng in every single sector today. There is nothing to be proud of to be easily beaten. These people are commonly known as losers.

你错了。在美国的中国人比在华美国人多，是因为美国竞争压力小太多，谋生更容易。中国的竞争特别激烈，这也是中国现在在各个领域都能领先的原因。能轻松混日子没什么好骄傲的，这种人通常被叫做失败者。

Kent
Sounds great until you get to team efforts. China wraps a desert the size of France and Spain combined with a green belt this year after 50 years of generational effort. This is impossible for Americans. US can longer to great things, just very short term profits. Truly sad mentality.

说起来好听，可一到团队协作就不行了。中国经过50年的代代努力，今年用绿化带覆盖了一块面积相当于法国和西班牙总和的沙漠。这种事美国人根本做不到。美国现在干不了大事，只盯着短期利益，心态真的很可悲。

Marc
China is result driven for the tangibles while America is process driven but not too many tangibles. Overall China is rising while America is now on a slow but steady decline. Their business model is an improvement of what US once was.

中国注重实际成果，追求看得见摸得着的东西；而美国注重流程，却没什么实际产出。总体来看，中国在崛起，美国则在缓慢但稳步地衰退。中国的发展模式，是对美国过去模式的改进。

Bharat
This is nothing more than a historic mix of a nation (keyword: control) having benefited from technology (none of which was developed in China) and a large capital flow both from outside investments (1995-2015) and year after year world trade surplus (2010-current). The "mix" worked well for them, the Chinese saw it ahead of the rest of the world and now is stuck with the results. China - Capital - Technology - US Market= Russia

这不过是历史的巧合：一个国家，借助了并非自己研发的技术，再加上大量外来投资（1995-2015年）和连年的全球贸易顺差（2010年至今）带来的资金流入，才发展起来。这种“组合”对他们很管用，中国人比其他国家先看到了这一点，现在也得承担相应后果。要是中国没了资金、技术和美国市场，就会变成俄罗斯那样。

david
Too many lawyers and too many lawsuits. A nation built on gridlock.

律师太多，官司也太多。美国就是个卡在僵局里的国家。

Dave
Over-regulation by lawyers in the USA vs over-regulation by a complex structure of elitist individuals in China Lax enforcement of an ever increasing number of laws in the USA vs strict enforcement of simplistic laws in China. There has to be a happy medium but we will never see it in our lifetimes. The global deep state wants to control everything and have everything. They cant control China.

美国是律师搞过度监管，中国是精英阶层的复杂体系搞过度监管。美国法律越来越多，执行却很宽松；中国法律简单，执行却很严格。肯定有折中的好办法，但我们这辈子是见不到了。全球深层政府想掌控一切、占有一切，可他们控制不了中国。

Jay
He talks about new infrastructure in poor areas…. Yeah. The US had that too… at one point. China is lucky to modernize now with new tech, which the US would have if they were develo now as well. I lived in China for 15 years. Overpasses above the roads all throughout the major cities? Awesome. Know what I see? High costs and maintenance. Give it fifty years. Is China going to be able to service it all? I highly doubt it. I’d love to see how traffic in Shanghai will be when they have to shut down roads to fix the overpasses running along them lol. They definitely enjoy them now, but I doubt the future generations will.

他说中国贫困地区有新基建,是，美国以前也有过。中国现在能靠新技术实现现代化，其实是运气好——要是美国现在才开始发展，也能做到。我在中国住了15年，大城市里到处都是跨线桥，确实厉害。可你知道我看到了什么？高昂的成本和维护费用。再过50年，中国能维护好所有设施吗？我特别怀疑。真想看上海以后要封路修桥时，交通会乱成什么样，哈哈。他们现在肯定觉得好用，可后代估计就受罪了。

Kent
You doubt because you think like a typical American. Chinese embrace changes and are far more adaptable than Americans. Give it 50 years most all construction and maintenance work will be done by robots. It is already happening today. Everything reduces down to cost/benefits and China is far better managing these than the US. Funny that videos already exst on China replacing an entire overpass over one weekend to avoid traffic disruptions. Behind your doubt lies this fantasy that eventually China will be just like the US today. Keep dreaming.

你会怀疑，是因为你有着典型的美式思维。中国人愿意接受变化，适应能力比美国人强多了。再过50年，几乎所有建设和维护工作都会由机器人完成，现在已经在这么做了。凡事都要看成本和收益，中国在这方面比美国会管理多了。有意思的是，已经有视频显示中国能在一个周末就换掉整座跨线桥，避免影响交通。你之所以怀疑，是因为你幻想中国最终会变得和现在的美国一样。接着做梦吧。

Mike
Suing someone is as common as using the long middle rod on the road. The laws are designed for lawyers to exhaust and drain the victims to enrich themselves and prove their power. The whole society is built on legal power.

打官司就像在路上用中间的隔离栏一样常见。法律就是设计来让律师拖垮受害者、榨干他们的钱，好让自己发财、彰显权力。整个美国社会都是靠法律权力搭建起来的。

Pierre
Another reason for the difficulty of upgrading infrastructure in the U.S. is that old infrastructure stands in the way but must be kept functioning. Imagine trying to upgrade Amtrak's Northeast Corridor without disrupting exsting traffic. You'd have to build an entirely separate set of tracks for high-speed traffic -- curves with a greater turn radius, completely new power feeds (sections of the exsting line runs on weird 20hz power inherited from the ancient defunct Pennsylvania Railroad). Can they afford to rip through expensive urban fabric to do this? The same goes for the NYC subways.

美国升级基建难，还有一个原因：旧基建挡路，却还得保持运转。你想想，要升级美国铁路公司的东北走廊线路，还不能影响现有交通，得怎么做？得专门修一套全新的高铁轨道——转弯半径更大的曲线、全新的供电系统（现有线路有些路段还用着老掉牙的20赫兹供电，这是从早已倒闭的宾夕法尼亚铁路公司继承来的）。他们舍得拆昂贵的城区来修这个吗？纽约地铁也是一样的问题。

Frederick
They know how! Work ethic,education level,Labour force and the ability to complete tasks on time and on budget.

他们中国就是懂怎么干！职业道德、教育水平、劳动力资源，还有按时按预算完成任务的能力，都没问题。

deplo
Chinese infrastructure is shiny and new. Over time it will require more and more maintenance and repair, using capital that otherwise would go into social projects or new infrastructure, etc. Thirty years from now, a lot of infrastructure will be abandoned because they were not wise investments and cannot be kept up.

中国的基建看起来又新又亮，但时间一长，需要的维护和修理会越来越多，要花的钱原本可以用在社会项目或新基建上。30年后，很多基建会因为当初投资不明智、维护不起而被废弃。

kent
be UPGRADED while US is just trying to keep what it has. In China, infrastructure is a social policy. Just like the bridge (the tallest and longest in the world) in the article, it will never make money but it will make people around it so much better. Americans can only think about making money. That goes a long way to explain the huge difference. In China, government is for the people, with the people. This is not a concept Americans understand. This is why US is losing in every sector to China. It is sad there is not a single industry that the US can claim a larger lead over China over the last couple of years.

中国的基建还在升级，而美国只能勉强维持现状。在中国，基建是一项社会政策。就像文章里提到的那座桥（世界最高最长的桥），它永远赚不了钱，但能让周边民众的生活好很多。美国人满脑子只想着赚钱，这就能很好地解释两国的巨大差距。中国的政府是为人民服务、和人民站在一起的，美国人根本理解不了这个理念。这就是美国在各个领域都输给中国的原因。过去几年，美国没有一个行业能说自己比中国领先，真是可悲。

carl
It's easy. They don't have Donald Trump there and they don't have to worry about Politics and all the corruption, backstabbing and kickbacks that America has. Their technology is just amazing. China has over 3600 Bullet Trains. How many do we have.....Well if you don't count Disneyland we have ZERO. Just incredible. They must be doing something right and we must be doing something wrong for many many years.

原因很简单。他们国家没有特朗普，不用像美国这样操心政治，不用面对腐败、背后捅刀、拿回扣这些破事。他们的技术也太厉害了，中国有3600多列车高铁。我们有多少呢。要是不算迪士尼乐园里的小火车，我们一辆都没有。简直难以置信。这么多年来，他们肯定做对了什么，而我们肯定做错了什么。

sole
Simple: China has the culture that the US had during WWII. If the US doesn't or can't get it back they will continue to decline.

很简单：中国有着美国二战时期的那种精神文化。要是美国找不回、或者没法找回这种文化，就会继续衰退。