英伟达CEO解析：中国科技为何能成功

Why China is successful in tech - NVIDIA CEO explains | Jensen Huang and Lex Fridman

英伟达CEO黄仁勋解析：中国科技为何能成功

Uh you've recently traveled to China. Uh so it's interesting to ask you: China's been incredibly successful in building up its technology sector. What do you understand about how China is able, over the past 10 years, to build so many incredible world-class companies, world-class engineering teams, and just this technology ecosystem that produces so many incredible products?

听说你最近去了中国。那我就很想问你一个问题：中国在科技领域的发展取得了惊人的成功。在你看来，过去十年间，中国为什么能打造出这么多顶尖的世界级企业、顶尖工程团队，以及能孕育出无数优秀产品的科技生态系统？

Well first of all let's start with some facts. 50% of the world's AI researchers are Chinese, plus or minus, and they're mostly in China still. We have many of them here, but there are amazing researchers still in China. Their tech industry showed up at precisely the right time, at the time of the mobile cloud era. Their way of contributing was software. And this is a country with incredible science and math education, really well‑educated kids. Their tech industry was created during the era of software, so they're very comfortable with modern software.

China is not one giant economic country. It's got many provinces and cities with mayors all competing with each other. That's the reason why there are so many EV companies, so many AI companies, so many companies of every kind you could imagine. They all create new firms, and as a result they have insane internal competition. What remains is an incredible company.

They also have a social culture where family comes first, friends second, and company third. The amount of conversation that goes back and forth means they're essentially open‑sourcing knowledge all the time. So the fact that they contribute more to open source is so sensible—because what are they really protecting? My engineers, their brothers are in that company, their friends are in that company, and they're all schoolmates. The schoolmate concept means a schoolmate is like a brother for life. They share knowledge very quickly, so there's no point kee technology hidden. You might as well put it on open source, and the open‑source community then amplifies and accelerates the innovation process.

首先，我们先从一些事实说起。全球大约有一半的人工智能研究人员是华人，而且他们中的大多数目前仍在中国。我们这里也有不少，但中国本土依然有非常出色的科研人才。

中国的科技产业恰逢其时，崛起于移动云时代。他们的核心发力方向是软件。这个国家的数理教育水平极高，年轻人接受的教育非常优质。科技产业诞生于软件时代，因此他们对现代软件开发驾轻就熟。

中国并不是一个单一的巨型经济体，而是有众多省份和城市，各地主官之间相互竞争。这就是为什么中国会涌现出如此多的电动汽车企业、人工智能企业，以及各类你能想到的创新公司。各地都在培育新企业，由此形成了极为激烈的内部竞争，最终存活下来的，都是实力极强的公司。

中国的社会文化也很有特点：家庭第一，朋友第二，公司第三。人与人之间交流频繁，知识本质上一直在互通共享。所以他们对开源社区贡献巨大，这一点完全合情合理——他们有什么好藏着掖着的呢？工程师们的兄弟、朋友、同学往往都在相关行业工作。在他们的观念里，同窗就像一辈子的兄弟。知识传递速度极快，技术藏着也没意义，不如放到开源社区。而开源生态又会进一步放大、加速创新进程。

So you get this rapid innovation fueled by great talent, open‑source collaboration, the nature of friendship in their culture, and insane competition among companies. What emerges is incredible work. This is the fastest‑innovating country in the world today. Everything I've just said is fundamental to how their kids are raised: excellent education, parents pushing them to do well in school, and their cultural values. These are just the realities of their country, and they showed up at precisely the time when technology is going through exponential growth.

Plus, culturally, it's pretty cool to be an engineer. It connects to all the components that you're mentioning.

It's a builder nation.

Yeah, it's a builder nation. Our country's leaders are incredible, but they're mostly lawyers—trying to keep us safe, uphold the rule of law, and govern. Their country was built out of poverty, so most of their leaders are incredible engineers, some of the brightest minds.

于是，优秀的人才、开源协作、重情谊的文化，再加上企业间的激烈竞争，共同催生了飞速的创新，成果十分亮眼。中国如今是全球创新速度最快的国家。

我刚才说的这些，根源都在于他们的教育与文化：教育质量优异，家长重视学业，文化重视实干与进取。这些都是中国的国情，而他们又恰好赶上了技术爆发式增长的时代。

而且在中国文化里，成为工程师是一件很体面、很酷的事。这和你刚才提到的种种因素都息息相关。

中国是一个建设者之国。

没错，是建设者之国。我们国家的领导人很出色，但大多是律师出身，职责是维护安全、坚守法治、治理国家。而中国是从贫困中一步步建设起来的，所以他们的领导人大多是非常优秀的工程师，是顶尖的人才。

以下是各国网友的评论：

oyo4959
The tech sector in the US is also made in China

美国的科技领域，其实也离不开中国。

sevenmiletemp
china now has many technologies that US simply does not have and never once had. if it is that easy to develop your tech industry by just copying from others, then many countries will be tech superpower now.

中国现在有很多技术，美国不仅没有，而且从来都没有过。如果光靠抄袭就能发展科技产业，那很多国家早就成科技强国了。

Embellishedshellfish
80% of economic espionage prosecutions brought by the US DOJ involve conduct that would benefit China.
83% of counterfeit goods seized at US Borders are made in China.
China's R&D is copying US's R&D and undercutting.

美国司法部起诉的经济间谍案件里，80%都涉及为中国牟利的行为。

美国海关查获的假冒商品中，83%来自中国。

中国的研发就是照搬美国，还低价抢占市场。

RichardHunter-h7u
Corporate espionage is normal and expected. Everyone does it.

商业间谍行为很正常，大家都在这么做。

Embellishedshellfish
If a US company copies someone's product, they will be sued for copyright infringement.
If someone from China does that, they won't even have to hire a lawyer.

美国公司要是抄袭别人产品，会因为侵犯版权被告上法庭。

中国人这么做，连律师都不用请。

Rokweiler3300
"China's run by engineers, America's run by lawyers"

中国由工程师治理，美国由律师治理。

bakalito4601
my country, Philippines is run by thieves - envy here

我的国家菲律宾，是由小偷治理的，真羡慕他们。

mchi6621
But there are no real protections from IP stealing in China compared to US/EU. To be fair, both sides are dirty.
While yes lawyers slow down progress for a country as whole it also protects engineers for their work.

和欧美相比，中国对知识产权侵权没有真正的保护。平心而论，两边都不干净。

律师确实会拖慢国家整体发展，但也能保护工程师的劳动成果。

frankyan9596
@mchi6621 China does crack down on fake goods and brand stealing pretty well these days. To export branded product they usually require the factory to show OEM authorization letters.

中国现在打击假货和仿冒品牌力度很大。出口品牌商品，一般都要求工厂提供代工授权书。

DavidMoses-p9d
@mchi6621 you think it is easy to produce these tech? You cant build shit even I give you the tools and

你以为做出这些技术很容易？就算把工具给你，你也什么都造不出来。

frankyan9596
@mchi6621 Engineers don't care about IP theft. We often believe in keep getting better. It's the lawyers and MBAs who hired some engineers to turn their ideas into a product who really want the IP laws to be as strict as possible. I have seen plenty of engineer-entrepreneurs who just let people use their inventions with very reasonable fees or even nothing. Only one guy I know is not like that.

工程师不在乎知识产权被抄袭。我们更看重不断进步。只有律师和MBA，才希望知识产权法律越严越好。我见过很多工程师创业者，允许别人低价甚至免费使用自己的发明。我只认识一个人不是这样。

nab_Khan
Lawyers argue while engineers build. Lawyers spot problems while engineers solve them.

律师只会争论，工程师却在实干。律师只会挑毛病，工程师却在解决问题。

kindface
Lawyers talk the walk, engineers walk the talk.

律师光说不做，工程师说到做到。

piscator2813
This lawyers vs engineers narrative is total BS. You want your law makers to be lawyers…
The problem US has is a bunch of short term profit chasing bankers vs engineers.

把律师和工程师对立起来完全是胡说。立法者本来就该是律师。美国的问题在于，一群追逐短期利益的银行家，在和工程师对抗。

sumurans
@piscator2813 agreed, US problem as corporate nation is casing after sort term profit while having no longterm growth, especially for building infrastructure and betterment of its citizens.

同意。美国作为资本国家，只追求短期利润，没有长期规划。尤其是基建和民生改善方面，完全不上心。

Eugene_Molotov
Jensen Huang: You know, I'm something of a Chinese myself

黄仁勋：这么说吧，我也算半个中国人。

simitelchannel
because they are smart and hardworker, maybe.

也许是因为他们既聪明又勤奋吧。

longcimb
Who still says Chinese cannot innovate?

谁还敢说中国人不会创新？

TeAmoo_Z
The people who don't relize china produces 3million engineers in all sectors yearly

那些不知道中国每年培养300万各领域工程师的人。

RockHelper
China has always been a world innovator in 3000 years

三千年来，中国一直是世界创新者。

superpooper2025
The West invaded and plundered China using gunpowder and compass that were invented by China, and now the situation is reversed.

西方曾用中国发明的火药和指南针侵略掠夺中国，现在局势反过来了。

Useingingew
These guys are being humble here. China has been closely monitoring American tech trends and jumps in as soon as a tech is proven to work.

这些人太谦虚了。中国一直在紧盯美国科技动向，一旦技术成熟就立刻跟进。

knackswell
The world needs China. China is for innovations and promoting partnership to build a better and sobriety world.

世界需要中国。中国坚持创新，推动合作，共建更美好、更稳健的世界。

ngvkhtnw22
There is a saying in Chinese: Learn MPC well and you can go any and all places and do well (MPC= math, physics and chemistry). This belief remains firmly implanted in generations of Chinese youth, perhaps less so among the 20 something today, but the number is still large enough to make the saying largely true. China's success in tech has not been an accident, it's the result of generations of Chinese believe in the saying, again; " Learn MPC well and you can go any and all places and do well ". When China was poor, MPC could not be backed up by expensive laboratory sciences, but once China has had the finance to do applied MPC, it can draw on its vast pool of MPC grounded youth, and tech flourishes as we see it today. Remember this number: even if only 10% Chinese are MPC savvy, that's 140 million tech savvy people, and China has way more than 10% of its people who are MPC savvy. And not a small number of people out there still like to caricature Chinese education as rote learning, precisely because they don't understand the law of transformation from quantity to quality, it only shows their own ignorance and/or arrogance.

中国有句老话：学好数理化，走遍天下都不怕。这句话深深影响了一代又一代中国年轻人。

现在的00后可能没那么看重，但人数依然足够多，这句话依然成立。中国科技的成功绝非偶然，是几代人相信这句话的结果。

中国贫穷时，没有钱建高端实验室支撑数理化研究。但一旦有了资金，就能依托海量懂数理化的年轻人，让科技飞速发展。

记住这个数字：就算只有10%的中国人懂数理化，也有1.4亿科技人才。而实际比例远高于10%。

还有很多人嘲讽中国教育是死记硬背，这只是因为他们不懂量变到质变的规律，只能暴露自己的无知和傲慢。

johnc3886
USA and UK have always been in the business of FUUUKING other nations...and taking the entire pie for themselves, while taking advantage of poorer nations (until China decided otherwise).

美国和英国一直都在欺压其他国家，独占利益，剥削穷国。直到中国站出来改变这一切。

yc6808
I think it goes back even further than that, rooted in Chinese history and culture. The world's first standardized nation-wide exam started in ancient China. And there has always been an emphasis in studying and gaining knowledge because of the belief that it would transform your life for the better.

这一点根源更深，来自中国的历史和文化。世界上最早的全国统一考试，就起源于古代中国。中国人一直重视读书学习，因为相信知识能改变命运。

alasend
Lol, it is true when it comes to dealing with most real world problems. But you know what are out of this world? Girlfriend, wife, teenage kids....if you're over submerged in MPC, you're like a freaking egg...soon as someone refused to reason with you, your shell breaks...and you're just left with a soft core

哈哈，解决现实问题确实靠数理化。但有些事不讲道理，比如女朋友、老婆、青春期孩子。如果你只懂数理化，就像个鸡蛋。一旦对方不讲理，你的外壳就碎了，只剩脆弱的内心。

marktrinidad7650
American culture is Money First, Sex second, Family Third, God fourth.

美国文化：金钱第一，享乐第二，家庭第三，信仰第四。

andg5194
China kids dream: doctors and engineers
American kids dream: streamers

中国孩子的梦想：当医生、做工程师。美国孩子的梦想：当网红主播。

jimkuan8493
China works on National Optimization, while the West works on Private Optimization.
China thinks like a Millenium Empire while the West thinks like a band of wolves seeking plundering for the moment. The plundering could be internal or external. All are targets of plundering.
China thinks "No One Left Behind" while the West systematically maintains the Homelessness as a threat and punishment for all laborers slightly above the "Kill Line." You sleep for a second and you will be below the Kill Line and be tossed out to the streets.
China has the mindset of a "Nanny that cares and interferes at every stage of your exstence." They take care of their citizen and they DON'T GIVE A DARN about freedom and privacy. On the otehr hand, the West is HYPER FOCUS on freedom and privacy. The problem with that it also means "You are free as air and your life is worthless like air. No one cares once you lose your capability."
China does not believe in "plundering." They believe in "Middle Ground." Plundering only gives you a short period of glory while planting trees and crops, working on waterways, and MOVING MOUNTAINS are the foundation of LONG TERM glory.
In summary, TIME is always on the side of China.

中国追求国家整体最优，西方追求个人利益最大化。中国以千年帝国的格局思考，西方像狼群一样只图眼前掠夺。掠夺不分内外，所有人都是目标。中国讲究“一个都不能少”，西方却故意保留流浪汉现象，用来威胁底层劳动者。

你稍有松懈，就会跌落底线，流落街头。中国像保姆一样，在人生各个阶段照顾民众。重视民生，不刻意追求所谓自由和隐私。西方则极度强调自由和隐私，结果就是：你自由得像空气，生命也轻得像空气。一旦失去生存能力，就没人在乎你。

中国不相信掠夺，信奉中庸之道。掠夺只能带来短暂辉煌，植树种田、兴修水利、移山造地，才是长久强盛的根基。

总而言之，时间永远站在中国这边。

makcjiw7704
It’s actually quite simple: electricity is cheap in China. This provides the most basic foundation for industry and R&D, which is why so many companies have moved to China. The Germans were actually foolish enough to shut down their own nuclear power plants, effectively turning Industry 4.0 into Industry 404.

原因其实很简单：中国电价很低。这为工业和研发提供了最基础的保障，这也是大量企业迁往中国的原因。

德国却愚蠢地关停核电站，直接把工业4.0变成了工业404（页面不存在）。

LL-rm8xt
So US is benefiting from Chinese researchers both in the US and in China BUT are not allowed to benefit from any of that research due to US bans

美国既享受着在美华裔和中国本土研究者的成果，又因为禁令，无法合法利用这些研究。

davidrichards1741
It's because they have the smartest people. Just like Jensen Huang's NVIDIA and M Chang's TSMC, which are both 96% chinese in tech positions. Just look at SAT scores and college grades of chinese vs my people. Kudos to them.

因为中国有最聪明的人。比如黄仁勋的英伟达、张忠谋的台积电，技术岗位96%都是华人。

看看华人和我们的SAT分数、大学成绩就知道了，佩服他们。

web3out
Humanity depends on STEM talents... this means we depend on Chinese Engineers.

人类的发展靠理工人才，也就是说，我们离不开中国工程师。

christopersambeli2823
chinese are very good in business

中国人很擅长做生意。

Surstromming22
Kids in the USA and UK dream of being OF content creators.

美国和英国的孩子，梦想是当网红博主。