Nvidia CEO Jensen Huang on AI race vs. China: Overall we're not far ahead

英伟达 CEO 黄仁勋谈中美 AI 竞赛：总体而言，我们领先优势并不大

Nvidia CEO Jensen Huang joins 'Squawk Box' to discuss details of the company's partnership with OpenAI, his thoughts on OpenAI's deal with AMD, state of the AI tech race, the promise of AI technology, company growth outlook, state of the AI arms race against China, his thoughts on H-1B visa reforms and 'The American Dream'

英伟达 CEO 黄仁勋做客《早间播报》节目，期间谈及公司与 OpenAI 合作的细节、对 OpenAI 与 AMD 合作的看法、人工智能技术竞赛的现状、人工智能技术的发展前景、公司增长展望、中美人工智能 “军备竞赛” 的态势，以及他对 H-1B 签证改革和 “美国梦” 的见解。

So, how far ahead of China do you think we are in terms of AI development at this point? How close?

那么，目前来看，你认为我们美国在人工智能发展方面领先中国多少？双方差距有多大？

Depending on which layer of the stack, but overall, I would say we're not far ahead. If you look at the entire stack, they're way ahead on energy. I am so happy that President Trump leaned into pro-growth, pro-energy growth—so that an entire industry above it could grow. If you could just imagine without President Trump's pro-energy policy, that entire layer above energy would have been constrained. China's well ahead of us on energy. We are way ahead on chips. They're right there on infrastructure. They're right there on AI models. Our models are better overall—OpenAI's is better, Anthropic's is better, Gemini's is better. However, their open-source models are well ahead of us. And then on the application layer, we have to be quite mindful because their applications are very fast-moving. Their society is very quick to adopt new technology. They're underregulated—they don't regulate heavily at the industrial level. So the applications in China are advancing incredibly fast. This is an area that I'm quite concerned about. I hope that American companies and American society are going to be fast in adopting AI applications because ultimately, this industrial revolution wins at the AI application layer, at the diffusion layer.

这取决于具体看AI技术栈的哪一层，但总体而言，我认为我们的领先优势并不大。若纵观整个技术栈，中国在能源领域遥遥领先。特朗普总统推行的支持经济增长、支持能源发展的政策，我非常赞同——正是这类政策才让能源领域之上的整个产业得以发展。试想一下，如果没有特朗普总统的能源支持政策，能源领域之上的所有产业都会受到限制。中国在能源领域确实比我们领先不少。

芯片领域我们则遥遥领先。基础设施方面，中国与我们水平相当；人工智能模型方面，双方也相差不大。总体来看，我们的模型更优——比如OpenAI、Anthropic（人工智能公司）以及Gemini（谷歌旗下AI模型）的模型都更出色。但中国的开源模型比我们领先很多。

而在应用层，我们必须高度警惕，因为中国的AI应用发展速度极快。中国社会接受新技术的节奏很快，而且在产业层面监管较为宽松，不会施加过多限制。因此，中国的AI应用正以惊人的速度推进，这是我非常担忧的领域。我希望美国企业和美国社会能加快AI应用的落地速度，因为归根结底，这场工业革命的胜负取决于AI应用层，取决于技术的普及层面。

以下是各国网友的评论：

ericchenqo7sf
National security is just an excuse, they just want to contain china.

国家安全就是个借口，他们真正想做的是遏制中国。

renfex08
these companies are lobbying the gvt to deregulate AI rules lol, the us is without a doubt far ahead of china, these greedy companies are just using ts as an excuse to ramp up their ai data centers which has done more harm than good

这些公司在游说政府放宽人工智能的监管规则呢，哈哈。美国无疑比中国领先很多，可这些贪婪的公司只是拿这事当借口，一个劲儿扩建人工智能数据中心，结果是弊大于利。

sigerlion8608
Jensen said several times in the video that the goal is to diffuse American tech as the standard. So corp sabatoge, jailing Huawei CEO's daughter, and refusing to sell chips/parts to China are all predictable underhanded methods to contain China. It does make the US look desperate though.

黄仁勋好几次说，目标是让美国技术成为全球通用标准。所以，企业破坏活动、关押华为CEO的女儿、拒绝向中国出售芯片和零部件——这些都是为了遏制中国，早就能猜到的卑劣手段。不过这确实让美国显得很急不可耐。

fatdoi003
Even though China can’t buy Nvidia’s H200s, its materials and parts are still inside them — from rare earths and tungsten to precision components for fab tools. What Huawei and SMIC are doing now is collapsing that 20+ country supply chain into one national ecosystem. They’re basically turning what took the whole world to make an AI chip into a selfcontained loop inside China.

虽然中国买不到英伟达的H200芯片，但这些芯片里仍有中国产的材料和零部件——从稀土、钨，到晶圆制造设备的精密组件都是。现在华为和中芯国际在做的，是把涉及20多个国家的供应链，整合进一个国家的生态系统里。本质上，他们是把原本需要全球协作才能造出AI芯片的流程，变成了中国国内的闭环生产。

MukbangPakhangk6p
This global AI race is basically Chinese scientist vs American Chinese

这场全球人工智能竞赛，本质上就是中国科学家和美国华裔科学家之间的较量。

Anonymous_soul10
20% indian 60% chinese rest americans in the big tech AI companies .

大型科技公司的人工智能部门里，20%是印度人，60%是中国人，剩下的是美国人。

MRTco1sd
@Anonymous_soul10 Indians are there to talk, to sell, to market and being CEOs, Whites for doing financing, Chinese do the engineering.

 印度人负责沟通、销售、市场推广，还有当CEO；白人负责财务；中国人负责技术研发。

Linkwii64
Like during WW2, Albert Einstein is German he fled to the US and helped with the nukes vs the Axe of Germany. This time it's not about the world end, it is about technology.

就像二战时那样，爱因斯坦是德国人，他逃到美国，帮忙研发核武器对抗德国纳粹。这次不是关乎世界末日，而是关乎技术竞争。

MetaView7
He is basically saying America is screwed, in a very nice and inoffensive way.

他其实是在说美国要完蛋了，只是说得特别委婉、不得罪人而已。

Kotak8
Jensen is intelligent, rational yet very humble Chinese wisdom.

黄仁勋聪明、理性，还特别谦逊——这是华人的智慧。

shuanglang5317
The same question were asked multiple times by different people at different occasions, we American are so obsessed with China , can’t we just leave them alone？

不同的人在不同场合反复问同一个问题，我们美国人怎么就这么盯着中国不放？就不能别管他们吗？

sigerlion8608
Nope, like in the book 1984, "Oceania" always has to have a big bad enemy to scare the sheeples to keep them in line. Flip between having war with Eurasia and Eastasia constantly.

不行啊，就像《1984》那本书里写的，“大洋国”总得有个大反派敌人，用来吓唬老百姓，让他们听话。一会儿跟“欧亚国”打仗，一会儿又跟“东亚国”打仗，来回变。

JWscandi
i guess learning Chinese is TOO troublesome for most muricants....that's why wt the obsession....lol

我猜对大多数美国人来说，学中文太麻烦了，所以才这么盯着中国吧，哈哈。

LittlePigMao
No, the reason is US is unable to fix its own internal problems so it has to shift focus on china and contain China. Contain China is extemely difficult but it is still relatively easier than resolve American's internal problems

不是的，真正原因是美国解决不了自己的内部问题，只能把注意力转移到中国身上，想遏制中国。遏制中国虽然很难，但相比解决美国自己的内部问题，还是容易一些。

yutian5884
A true wolf amongst sheep. Never directly challenging Trump's ego but still gets his point across.

他从不直接冒犯特朗普的自尊心，却还是把自己的观点传达到位了。

wxxcable
To be honest, “the infrastructure” is not neck to neck. Im afraid that China is a century ahead of the US

说实话，“基础设施”方面根本不是势均力敌。恐怕中国已经比美国领先一个世纪了。

yesyes1842
Chinese Americans are hel to defend America's technology edge vs China. Hope this helps alleviate concerns they are all spies in this country.

华裔美国人正在帮助美国守住对中国的技术优势。希望这能缓解大家的担忧，别觉得他们都是这个国家的间谍。

dasarp2895
No wonder Americans are pulling away from the mainstream media. These anchors are not reading between the lines of what Jensen Huang is saying.

难怪美国人越来越不看主流媒体了。这些主持人根本没读懂黄仁勋话里的潜台词。

MegaPapa8888
It is not who wins the AI competition. It is the worldwide people to enjoy the AI fruition.

重要的不是谁赢得人工智能竞赛，而是全世界人民都能享受到人工智能带来的成果。

kckoay6211
Washington’s "Chip War," intended to cripple China's tech ascent by cutting off advanced semiconductors and the tools required to produce them, has backfired spectacularly. Rather than causing stagnation, the technological blockade shattered China's illusions of reliance on the West and served as an unintended catalyst. It triggered a massive national mobilization for semiconductor independence, fasttracking China's shift from a consumer to a leader.

美国政府发起的“芯片战”，本想通过切断先进半导体及相关生产设备的供应，遏制中国科技发展，结果却彻底适得其反。这场技术封锁非但没让中国科技停滞，反而打破了中国对西方的依赖幻想，还意外成了催化剂——它促使中国全国范围内大力推动半导体自主，加速从“芯片消费国”向“芯片强国”转变。

Evidence of this is clear in startling breakthroughs in domestic chip production and a widening lead in smart manufacturing. However, the true strategic victory for China lies beyond the lab. While the U.S. strategy aimed to create a chokepoint, it instead accelerated China's drive toward the decisive frontier of the AI race: massscale integration. The winner will not be decided solely by who has the most advanced chips, but by who achieves the broadest acceptance and most effective use of the technology. With its unrivalled industrial base and a population of 1.4 billion capable of adopting innovations at unmatched speed and scale, China is uniquely positioned to transform its newfound selfsufficiency into pervasive societal advantage. The U.S. strategy designed to create a gap has, in fact, accelerated China's race not just toward technological sovereignty, but toward potentially dominant AI integration.

这一点有明确证据：中国本土芯片生产取得惊人突破，在智能制造领域的领先优势也在扩大。但中国真正的战略胜利不止在实验室里。美国本想通过战略制造“技术卡脖子”局面，结果却加速了中国向人工智能竞赛关键领域的迈进——也就是大规模技术整合。谁能赢，不只是看谁有最先进的芯片，更看谁能让技术得到最广泛的应用、发挥最有效的作用。中国拥有无可比拟的工业基础，14亿人口能以无与伦比的速度和规模接受创新技术，这种独特优势让中国能把新获得的自主能力，转化为影响全社会的优势。美国本想通过战略拉大差距，实际上却加速了中国的进程——中国不仅在追求技术自主，还在向可能主导人工智能整合的方向迈进。

mrg4847
China cannot be contained. It will only advance faster as in the case of the ISS. They built their own which is way more advanced than the current ISS.

中国是遏制不住的。只会像国际空间站那件事一样，发展得更快。他们自己建了空间站，比现在的国际空间站先进多了。

MrGriff305d3u
The US really doesn't have much advantage over China anymore, and we'll probably be losing in everything soon.. That's reality. Our leadership is utterly absurd, so might as well say it how it is

美国现在对中国真没多少优势了，说不定很快在所有领域都会落后，这就是现实。我们的领导层简直荒唐透顶，不如实话实说。

linJony
The US is bound to lose this competition. China has banned the export of all rare earths and rare metals used in the AI chip field. No matter how much the Americans boast, mass production is impossible under the circumstances of material shortage. Huawei has already manufactured chips similar to the H20, and China has completely banned NVIDIA from selling them. This means that Nvidia has lost at least 60% of the market. No matter how Americans manipulate the stock market, it's of no use. The higher they boost, the harder they fall.

美国在这场竞赛中肯定会输。中国已经禁止出口人工智能芯片领域用到的所有稀土和稀有金属了。不管美国人吹得多厉害，材料短缺的情况下根本不可能量产。华为已经造出了性能媲美H20的芯片，而且中国已经全面禁止英伟达向其出售产品。这意味着英伟达至少丢了60%的市场。不管美国人怎么操纵股市都没用，涨得越高，摔得越惨。

subratachatterjee3916
China is going ahead with renewable energy which is the only way to keep up with the energy demand of GenAI. He dodged this question

中国正在大力发展可再生能源，这是满足生成式人工智能（GenAI）能源需求的唯一办法。可黄仁勋回避了这个问题。

kolviczd6885
The world should start avoiding American tech, stack, chip, AI, etc. going forward if we don't want America to bullied us around like they always do. Till now America has been the dominant tech provider in the world with very little alternative that can challenge and humble them. This has to change. The world needs to derisk from American tech and dollar dominance for a better, fairer and just world. All countries, not just China, should step up their game in technological self reliance. This is about national security, this is about strategic autonomy, this is about freeing oneself from US hegemony and bullying. The EU should do it, India should do it, SEA should do it, Africa should do it, Latin America should do it, everyone should do it. It will be a long journey for many of us but it'll be worth it in the end. Let go.

如果不想再像以前那样被美国欺负，未来全世界都该避开美国的技术、技术栈、芯片、人工智能等等。到现在为止，美国一直是全球主导性的技术供应国，几乎没有能挑战并压制他们的替代选择。这种情况必须改变。为了一个更美好、更公平、更公正的世界，全球需要降低对美国技术和美元霸权的依赖，规避风险。所有国家，不只是中国，都该加强技术自主能力。这关乎国家安全，关乎战略自主，关乎摆脱美国的霸权和欺凌。欧盟该这么做，印度该这么做，东南亚该这么做，非洲该这么做，拉丁美洲也该这么做，所有人都该这么做。对很多国家来说，这会是一段漫长的路，但最终一定值得。放手去做吧。

Vsps48
China will surely build sophisticated ai chips at Nvidia level. It's just a matter of time.

中国肯定能造出和英伟达同水平的高端人工智能芯片，只是时间问题。

CarbonBlackLab
Many corporate leaders are hesitant to voice opposition to the current administration and Congress, often publicly endorsing policies they may privately question. This dynamic underscores a broader competitive challenge: China's significant and growing investment in STEM education is producing a large, highly skilled talent pool. In fact, the American technology and scientific sectors rely heavily on international expertise, particularly through programs like the H1B visa, which attracts essential scientists and researchers from around the world. Meta's AI team is primarily staff with Americans of Chinese descent experts.

很多企业领导人不敢公开反对现任政府和国会，就算私下对某些政策有疑问，公开场合也常常表示支持。这种情况凸显了一个更严峻的竞争挑战：中国在STEM（科学、技术、工程、数学）教育上投入巨大且持续增加，培养出了大量高技能人才。事实上，美国科技和科学界严重依赖国际人才，尤其是通过H1B签证项目，吸引全球各地关键的科学家和研究人员。Meta（脸书母公司）的人工智能团队，主要由华裔美国专家组成。

PlayShorts3
The day China starts making its own semiconductor manufacturing machines, it's game over for the USA.

等到中国能自主生产半导体制造设备的那一天，美国就彻底完了。

gilbert643
China advance in AI for their industries. Doesn't care about what the USA are doing.

中国发展人工智能是为了自己的产业，根本不在乎美国在做什么。

lisaoenone9733
The whole population in China is quickly adapting to high tech, from daily life to highend industrial fields. Even elderly population uses Apps every to order groceries, call uber and book appointments.

中国所有人都在快速适应高科技，从日常生活到高端工业领域都是如此。就连老年人每天都用手机APP买菜、叫网约车、预约办事。

alloygold
This guy should be the president. So diplomatic

这家伙应该当总统，太会外交了。

eugenec713
The American politicians are too selfish to achieve anything meaningful for mankind. All they think of are dominating, bullying and destroying the world. Jensen's vision of AI world is simply incomprehensible to these idiots. The US should be run by engineers and technological experts, not lawyers, businessmen, economists and journalists.

美国政客太自私了，不为人类做有意义的事。他们满脑子想的都是主导世界、欺负别人、破坏世界。黄仁勋对人工智能世界的愿景，这些蠢货根本理解不了。美国应该由工程师和技术专家来管理，而不是律师、商人、经济学家和记者。

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