印度这些邦都快破产了，15个邦的预算财政赤字超过上限

BANKRUPT States? | Why Indian States are not able to grow Revenue?

濒临破产的邦？为何印度各邦无法增加财政收入？

The fiscal situation of many state governments has become completely unbalanced, with their debt scales expanding continuously. The root cause lies in subsidies — states are spending more and more on subsidies. From the perspective of total revenue, 9% of funds are allocated to subsidies. Specifically, among different states, Himachal Pradesh has the highest proportion of rigid expenditures; Kerala stands at 71%, Nagaland at 68%, and Punjab reaches 76%. This means that rigid expenditures such as salaries, pensions, and interest have already accounted for a large part of their total revenue, leaving almost no room for other expenditures.

Take Punjab as an example. A large portion of the subsidies it provides is used for electricity subsidies, with substantial funds invested to achieve "free electricity supply". However, it is precisely these free electricity policies and programs that have brought enormous pressure to the state's power distribution companies, leading to years of losses in the power sector. There is a huge gap between the average cost of power supply and the average revenue, with a loss of up to 0.47 rupees per unit of electricity — the highest level in the past six years. Therefore, it is time to re - examine the electricity subsidy policy and find ways to solve this problem. These losses directly affect the state government's budget, as the government has to provide grants to power companies and even guarantee for them. Nevertheless, the losses of the power sector continue to increase — it can neither promote modernization nor control transmission and distribution losses.

很多邦政府的财政状况已完全失衡，债务规模不断扩大，原因就在于补贴 —— 各邦在补贴上的支出越来越多。从总收入来看，9% 的资金都用在了补贴上。具体到不同邦，喜马偕尔邦的刚性支出占比最高；喀拉拉邦为 71%，那加兰邦为 68%，旁遮普邦则达到 76%。这意味着，工资、养老金和利息等刚性支出已占据它们总收入的很大一部分，其他支出更是无从谈起。

以旁遮普邦为例，它提供的补贴中，很大一部分用于电力补贴，为了实现 “免费供电” 而投入大量补贴。可正是这些免费供电的政策和计划，给邦电力分配公司带来了巨大压力，导致电力部门连年亏损。因为供电的平均成本与平均收入之间出现了巨大缺口，每度电的亏损高达 0.47 卢比，这是过去六年来的最高水平。所以，是时候重新审视电力补贴政策了，想办法解决这个问题。而这些亏损直接影响着邦政府的预算，因为政府不得不向电力公司提供拨款，甚至为其担保，可电力部门的亏损仍在不断增加 —— 既无法推进现代化，也控制不了输配电损失。

At present, 15 states have seen their budgetary fiscal deficits exceed the 3% upper limit stipulated in the Fiscal Responsibility and Budget Management Act. Among them, Himachal Pradesh is as high as 4.7%, and states such as Sikkim and Punjab have also exceeded the 3% limit. The borrowing scale of these states is already very large, and the Reserve Bank of India has repeatedly pointed out that their borrowing is unsustainable.

目前已有 15 个邦的预算财政赤字超过了《财政责任与预算管理法》规定的 3% 上限，其中喜马偕尔邦高达 4.7%，锡金邦、旁遮普邦等也都突破了 3% 的限制。这些邦的借贷规模已经很大，印度央行也多次指出它们的借贷不可持续。

以下是各国网友的评论：

anurag6190
Fokat ka khilao pilao Yojna.... Maiya.. Bhaiya... Saiya etc etc yojna

净搞些免费吃喝的福利计划，什么“妈妈计划”“哥哥计划”“丈夫计划”之类的，全是这种名目

jattlife205
Nithalle corrupt govt employes yojana too

还有那帮懒散又腐败的政府雇员，也算是个“老大难问题”了

abhay4351
@jattlife205 govt employees kaam bhi krte h

政府雇员也是干活的好吧

amansahil8938
@jattlife205 govt employees hai hi kitna 1,2% to h.....sara galti government ka..

政府雇员撑死了也就占1%、2%，所有问题都是政府的错

bankingtools6055
West Bengal ka hal sabse kharap hai.

西孟加拉邦的状况是最糟糕的

amandhanda6088
Dehli me sabhi MPs ko new flat mile hai or pahle iPhone 16 pro . Only MPs and MlA is showing growth not Inida .

德里所有议员都分到了新公寓，之前还发了iPhone 16 Pro。就只有议员和州议员看着“日子变好”，印度根本没真正发展

yageshgupta8598
Meanwhile Tamilnadu with 11% Growth

泰米尔纳德邦这边，增长率达到了11%

factspedia4520
Saar we r educated Saar

先生，我们是受过教育的，先生

pr1yansuu
kyuki waha BJPee nhi hai

因为那儿没有人民党呗

Gibranofficial-u8t
Jismeh stalin ka koye role nhi hai aur Stalin ka role No 1 state hai Debt meh chalo 200 ups boya

斯大林在这事儿里没掺和，结果债务最高的邦里倒有他的“‘功劳’”

dryash866
Telangana is the best state according to the analysis in this video so hyderabad telangana is growing tall jai telangana

特伦甘纳邦是最棒的邦，特伦甘纳邦的海得拉巴正在快速发展，特伦甘纳邦加油

cosmos1487
@pr1yansuu BJP to Gujarat me bhi hai and was leading state with growth for a decade

古吉拉特邦也有人民党啊，而且十年来都是增长领先的邦

rohand6024
@cosmos1487 yea because Gujarat is being developed by artificially created opportunities.. like taking foxcon money from pune

是啊，古吉拉特邦的发展是靠人为造机会，比如把富士康的投资从浦那抢过去

tyikklbb
GDP is different, government revenue is different

GDP和政府收入根本不是一回事

skj4916
One of the best managed state ....love and respect from chhattisgarh

管理最好的邦之一，来自恰蒂斯加尔邦的支持和尊重

coconutpunch123
UP gets 18% of total central funds through finance commission but TAMILNADU gets only 4.1%

通过财政委员会，北方邦拿到了中央资金总额的18%，而泰米尔纳德邦只拿到4.1%

finsaver9756
Effect of freebies

这就是发免费福利的后果

khottasikka4700
Effects of religiously dumb.

这是宗教愚昧导致的问题

lostplayzzz
@khottasikka4700 We want one nation one election

我们希望全国统一选举

kumar.193
Is that why Tamilnadu grew at 11%.

所以泰米尔纳德邦才增长11%吗

kumar.193
3:57 Non tax revenue is a huge part of the revenue of these mineral rich states. Yet they cry about a policy that was implemented 75 years ago and ended 35 years ago.

这些矿产丰富的邦，非税收入占了很大一块。可他们还在抱怨75年前实施、35年前就终止的政策

jattlife205
Effects of nithalle corrupt govt employes

都是懒散又腐败的政府雇员搞出来的问题

AmolWagle-d2y
Ladki bahin scheme in Maharashtra

马哈拉施特拉邦的“姐妹帮扶计划”

coconutpunch123
Freebies for north indian bimaru states

给印度北部那些“落后邦”发免费福利

darkiinova2480
Meanwhile the quality of infrastructure and the development of jharkhand cities are worse than Syria or yemen.

贾坎德邦的基础设施质量和城市发展，比叙利亚或也门还糟糕

hrushikeshavachat900
The state governments need to increase the use of roof top solar systems on governmental buildings. This can help in reducing revenue expenditure in the long run

各邦政府得多在政府大楼装屋顶太阳能系统。长远来看，这能帮着减少财政支出

bijendrakumar3665
चुनाव के समय वोट के लिए सभी दल मुफ्त कि रेबड़ी बांटने के चक्कर में देश बेच देगा लोगों को शिक्षा, स्वास्थ्य और बुजुर्ग के लिए पेंशन, छोड़ कर और कुछ भी मुफ्त में नहीं देना चाहिए, हमारे का सर्वोच्च न्यायालय मुखदषक बना हुआ है।

选举时所有政党都为了拉选票忙着发免费东西，这样会把国家都败光的。除了教育、医疗和老年人养老金，其他什么都不该免费给，我们的最高法院得站出来管管这事

knowtheworld3623
South states should use its revenue. They shouldn’t spend money for north states via central government.

南部各邦的收入该自己用。不该通过中央政府把钱花给北部邦

Sterx124
Because India = Delhi and Mumbai
Govt be like baki Bhad ma jao

在他们眼里，印度就等于德里和孟买。政府好像在说：其他地方都一边凉快去

Lucifer_0509
Delhi,Mumbai,Hyderabad, Pune, Gurgaon, Noida,Banglore, Chennai inse Sirf tax liya jata hai Diya kuch nhi jata

德里、孟买、海得拉巴、浦那、古尔冈、诺伊达、班加罗尔、金奈——就知道从这些地方收税，什么好处也不给人家

biswasrout7759
Freebies and development won't come together.

免费福利和发展两者不可能同时实现

jattlife205
Corrupt nithalle govt employes too

腐败又懒散的政府雇员也是原因之一

coconutpunch123
Freebies for north india

给印度北部发免费福利

Maitreya-dj
Infrastructure accha karna hoga.

得把基础设施搞好才行

aone7306
South to state to badiya kar rahi hai or hindi pradesho nafrat badiya chal rahi hai

南部各邦搞得不错，可对印地语地区的反感也在加剧

arupsarkar3345
The simple thing is govt policy .and caste system

原因很简单：政府政策有问题，还有种姓制度

SanjeetKumar-uu7dk
Abe 11 hazar punjipatiyon ka maaf karne ke liye pesa Or 100 cr aam janta ko job Or education Or health ke liye pesa nahi hai

嘿，有钱免除1.1万名旁遮普地主的债务，给1亿普通民众搞就业、教育、医疗却没钱

Tutanchat
because of freebies. bring a law to end freebies asap. this is dstryng Bharatiya civilization again. we have worked very hard to come to this stage after centuries of absence of mind.

都是因为免费福利。赶紧立法禁止免费福利吧。这又在摧毁印度文明了。几个世纪的迷茫后，我们好不容易才走到今天这一步

ashokchoudhary2082
GST snatched out the financial independence of the states reasons are it didn't deliver the 15% anual revenue growth which was promised by center , states can't increase their revenue as per the budget demands

商品服务税夺走了各邦的财政自主权，因为中央承诺的15%年度收入增长没实现，各邦没法按预算需求增加收入

utsabbanerjee2770
CMs of Himachal , Punjab, kerala and West bengal should have been at the forefront of the thumbnail. But admin has his own agenda

喜马偕尔邦、旁遮普邦、喀拉拉邦和西孟加拉邦的首席部长本该出现在最前面

parmaryogesh8225
Corruption is the main reason

腐败是主要原因

WildDiaries-i5n
ek hi road ko hazar baar banaoge to kya hi grow kroge

一条路修来修去修无数遍，还怎么发展

Rkhorrerpodcast
आओ फोकट का खाओ जब मन करे चुकाओं वरना मत चुकाओं

来啊，免费的东西尽管吃，想交钱就交，不想交就不交

mandarkulkarni3471
Western & Southern states feel like "hamne kya galat kiya"

西部和南部各邦心里都在想：“我们做错了什么”

coconutpunch123
Discrimination against SOUTHERN STATES is a reality

歧视南部各邦是事实

Jenil-i9l
Every state is collecting good tax amount bs corrupt officers jeb bhar rahe hai apni isliye dikh nahi rahe paise

每个邦都收了不少税，但腐败的官员把钱揣进自己腰包，所以才看不到钱

janishashaik1059
Main reason is the GST system failure. Central government takes most of the money of the state government.

主要原因是商品服务税制度失败了。中央政府拿走了邦政府的大部分钱

DipakKumar-yl5vh
Jharkhand will be on the top to go bankrupt .

贾坎德邦会是最先破产的

skj4916
Chhattisgarh ka bhi wahi haal hai

恰蒂斯加尔邦也是快破产了

RavindraNeware-m5y
Effects of Laadali bahina schemes

“拉达利姐妹计划”的后果

janmejoypadhi8689
Even though odisha natural resources are there with cost line there are no major development seen due to political willpower.

尽管奥里萨邦有自然资源还有海岸线，但因为缺乏政治决心，没看到什么大发展

Adithyasimha9
AP will go for sure due to all these freebies and the next freebie starting from August 15th will impact huge on Apsrtc.

因为这些免费福利，安得拉邦肯定会完蛋，8月15日开始的下一项福利会对安得拉邦公路运输公司造成巨大冲击

dhairyamalhotra4813
revenue is not the problem
spending is the problem

收入不是问题，支出才是问题

amansahil8938
Jada bankrupt ka daar lg rha h cm log ko to resign kr dena h chhye...ki hmse state nhi chelga.

首席部长们要是太怕破产，就该辞职。说自己管不了这个邦了

churamanichettri3578
Even condition of sikkim is also

锡金邦也是这样的情况

anamikayadav24589
States ko development nhi hoga to country nhi hogi

邦不发展，国家就不会发展

RoyIndrajit
Corruption, freebies, low income, low infrastructure & many more

腐败、免费福利、收入低、基础设施差，还有很多其他原因

SilentNature-r4z
Immediately Stop Freebies and Subsidies which are burdens on the Indian Economy

立刻停止免费福利和补贴，它们是印度经济的负担

JwalaSiva
federalism not functioning.

印度的联邦制没起到作用

sanketsapre
Maharashtra's tax will save all the states. Just keep imposing Hindi as mandatory in Maharashtra's schools.

马哈拉施特拉邦的税收会拯救所有邦。只要继续在马哈拉施特拉邦的学校里强制推行印地语就行

patel85naresh
Iska reason ek hi he kisi ko ground level pe kam karna nahi he muft ki salary leni he sarkar se bas or upar se corruption bhi karna he side income ke liye, desh ke 80 percent satate ghate me chal rahehe

原因就一个：没人愿意在基层实干，就想从政府拿免费工资，还顺便搞腐败赚外快，全国80%的邦都在亏损运营

bipulkumarjaiswal4699
Give to poor only

只该给穷人发福利

sreejithshankark2012
Kerala too in high DEBT

喀拉拉邦也负债累累

firstpostcommenter8078
This is why we need a Tier1 city in Andhra Pradesh so that the state revenue can be increased.
If you are a supporter of Greenfield cities then support Amaravati.
If you are a supporter of Brownfield cities then support Vijayawada

所以安得拉邦需要一个一线城市来增加邦收入。

如果你支持新建城市，就支持阿玛拉瓦蒂；

如果你支持改造城市，就支持维杰亚瓦达

shibsankarpramanick7507
Sallary should be reduced

工资该降一降