Why India’s HUGE water problem will lead to a HUGE migration problem

为什么印度严重的水资源问题会导致严重的迁移问题？

India is the world's largest country at 1.4 billion people. And of those 1.4 billion, about 450 million live in the northwest states of Punjab, Haryana, Rajasthan, Gujarat, and Uttar Pradesh. While that might be fine otherwise, these people live in a region is severely water stressed. And if India can't get its water usage under control, those same 450 million Indians will need to move somewhere else.

印度是世界上人口最多的国家，有14亿人口。在这14亿人中，大约有4.5亿人生活在西北的旁遮普邦、哈里亚纳邦、拉贾斯坦邦、古吉拉特邦和北方邦。虽然可能还行，但这些人生活在一个严重缺水的地区。如果印度不能解决用水问题，这4.5亿印度人将需要迁移到其他地方。

以下是Youtube网友的评论：

My late uncle was the chief water engineer for the state of Rajasthan. In the 80s, he realized that not only was there a huge water problem in the water table would run dry by the mid 21st century, but there was a huge amount of waste from leaky pipes in wealthy people’s homes that had been properly installed. He tried to start a campaign to get plumbing done up to code, and quickly got shut down by corrupt officials who were getting bribed to turn a blind eye.

我已故的叔叔是拉贾斯坦邦的首席水利工程师。上世纪80年代，他意识到，不仅地下水位存在问题，到21世纪中叶，地下水位将会枯竭，而且富人家中安装好的管道也会产生大量废物。他试图发起一场运动，让管道工程达到标准，但很快就被腐败官员叫停了，这些官员收受贿赂，睁一只眼闭一只眼。

davehenderson6896

It's not just India, water has become the new gold for most countries.

不仅仅是印度，水资源已经成为大多数国家的新黄金。

pintsizestories196

Weather is certainly unpredictable.  This past year has been a rainy year for northern India especially Himachel Pradesh, just north of Uttar Pradesh.Even last winter was wetter than usual. A long and heavy monsoon  this summer has caused all kinds of flooding this year.  The Beas river was just raging with the excess water.

天气当然是不可预测的。过去的一年，印度北部多雨，尤其是北方邦北部的喜马偕尔邦，甚至在去年冬天也比平常多雨。今年夏天漫长而强烈的季风造成了今年各种各样的洪水。比阿斯河正现在水量大，汹涌澎湃。

b_uppy

*One of the water poor areas in IIndia is having having yearly contests to create rainwater harvesting earthworks with onsite materials.   This is encouraging villages to work together to solve water problems.  

印度一个缺水地区正在举办一年一度的竞赛，用现场材料建造雨水收集设施。这鼓励村庄共同努力解决水问题。

twigandroot

I want to encourage your audience to check out  INDIA'S WATER REVOLUTION. multiple projects are happening in Rajasthan that seemed to be having some positive impacts on the situation you highlight here. another uplifted thing happening in the region is the "water cup challenge"

我想鼓励你的听众去看看印度的水革命。拉贾斯坦邦正在进行多个项目，似乎对你在这里强调的水问题产生了一些积极影响。该地区发生的另一件令人振奋的事情是“水杯挑战”。

parihav

This past season, severe flooding has hit much of northwest India, so the issues presented here were a problem in years past.  The big issue is the reckless wastage of water in Punjab and Haryana, tap into a dwindling ground water supply.  Perhaps the rains this year would have replenished some of it.

在过去的这个季节，严重的洪水袭击了印度西北部的大部分地区。这里提出的问题已经发生多年了。最大的问题是旁遮普邦和哈里亚纳邦肆无忌惮地浪费水资源，导致地下水供应日益减少。也许今年的降雨能补充一些。

To

As a backup, India's has constructed numerous dams and canals, with the potential to divert water away from Pakistan's rivers.  In the event of a drought, the government has indictaed it would divert water into Punjab and Haryana.

This could be real issue, with a war conflict between India and Pakistan ovwr water.

印度已经修建了许多水坝和运河，有可能从巴基斯坦的河流中引水。政府表示，一旦发生干旱，将把水引到旁遮普和哈里亚纳邦。

问题是，印度和巴基斯坦之间可能会因为水资源而开战。

philippebyrnes1213

 Every major river in East and South Asia rises in Tiban plateau.  Sino-Indian war looms over water.  Targets will be large dams.  Will be horrible.

东亚和南亚的主要河流都发源于青藏高原。中印战争迫在眉睫。目标是大型水坝，太可怕了。

tadblackington1676

Great progess in water security has been made in southern India due to the efforts of the Pani foundation.  As far as water goes the way forward is clear.  We just need to get busy and do it.

由于Pani基金会的努力，印度南部在水安全方面取得了巨大进展。只要有水，前进的道路就很清楚。我们只需抓紧时间去做。

trj4941

The state of California, on the West coast of the United States, has what are called "The Water Wars." They especially affect Los Angeles and San Diego, California, Las Vegas, Nevada, and Phoenix, Arizona. That is partially because much of southern California's water comes from the Colorado River, which partially runs through other states, forms part of California's border, and also runs through Mexco.

位于美国西海岸的加利福尼亚州发生了所谓的“水战”，尤其影响加州的洛杉矶和圣地亚哥、内华达州的拉斯维加斯和亚利桑那州的凤凰城。部分原因是南加州的大部分水来自科罗拉多河，这条河部分流经其他州，构成了加州边界的一部分，也流经墨西哥。

akp3097

Yes, Gujarat is working on renewable energy on full speed… i have my own 3kw solar powerplant at home partly funded by state govt but Rajasthan a desert state is also working similarly… both produce almost 40% of India’s solar power

是的，古吉拉特邦正在全速发展可再生能源，我家里有自己的3kw太阳能发电机，部分资金是由邦政府提供的，拉贾斯坦邦是一个沙漠邦，也在做类似的努力，两个邦的太阳能发电量几乎占印度的40%

@prabuddhaghosh7022

Climate change is making monsoons stronger. Water availability in North West India is going up. Water shortage is not the issue. The issue is the need to build more dams to control the coming floods.

气候变化正在使季风变得更强。印度西北部的可用水量正在上升。水资源短缺不是问题，问题是需要建造更多的水坝来控制即将到来的洪水。

@desiputtar89

India has enough water according to the land and geography. I live in Delhi NCR, which is considered the most water scarce region. Ironically, I seldom faced any water issues over the last 7 years. You need better technology to utilise water properly, that's all. And India's technology is be becoming better and better every year.

凭借地理位置，印度有足够的水资源。我住在德里NCR，这被认为是最缺水的地区。具有讽刺意味的是，在过去的7年里，我很少遇到用水问题。

@fookcheonkhaw7147

India can build man-made rivers to bring water from water rich states like Tamil Nadu in the south to northern states like Gujarat. This is similar to the huge infrastructure project that has also started in China where water from southern provinces is diverted to northern provinces.

印度可以修人工河流，将水从南部的泰米尔纳德等水资源丰富的邦引入古吉拉特等北部邦。这与中国启动的大型调水项目类似，该项目将南方省份的水调到北方省份。

@jim.pearsall

I’m a bit surprised you limited your analysis mainly to current day India. Shouldn’t that be ignored and focus on the geographical area of the Indus region (which includes Pakistan)… e.g. be apolitical.

我有点惊讶，你的分析主要围绕着印度。难道不应该把重点放在印度河地区的地理区域(包括巴基斯坦)上吗？

@geznicks

I think there'll be a breakthrough in water desalination soon, that'll make it cheap and easy.

我认为海水淡化很快就会有突破，这将使水变得既便宜又容易获得。

@DetroitMicroSound

One of the biggest problems is that the vast majority live on about $3 USD a day. If there were greater wealth, invested to important contingencies, there could be greater capabilities. I live in a neighborhood in northern suburban Detroit, and have thousands of Indian families as my neighbors. I have heard time and again, how much they all love that Michigan has water mostly everywhere you look, and is surrounded by it! .....AND it's salt, and shark-free!

最大的问题之一是，绝大多数人每天的生活费约为3美元。

我住在底特律北郊的一个社区，我的邻居中很多印度家庭。

我一次又一次地听到，他们多么喜欢密歇根，到处都是水，被水包围着，水是咸的，而且没有鲨鱼!

@bharath2508

Population density of those mentioned states is high and the demand for water is high.

这些邦的人口密度很高，对水的需求也很高。

@InvestWithPrudence

These global events truly underline the importance of being informed and adaptable in all aspects of life, including our financial decisions. Stay aware and hydrated, everyone!

这些全球性事件真正强调了在生活的各个方面，包括我们的财务决策中，了解情况和适应能力的重要性。大家要保持清醒，补充水分!

@arjunraj823

Its really unfair. Like look at the size of Russia and the Siberian areas. Will totally fit atleast six to seven Indias on it. But most of it are uninhabitable. Like Canada also has a huge land area. But very cold.

太不公平了。看看俄罗斯和西伯利亚地区的面积，至少是6到7个印度大，但大部分都不适合居住。像加拿大也有很大的土地面积，但是很冷。

@kowshikjayaraman9267

Population is one of the main problem. We should not deny people to have multiple chuldren, but There should be a scheme were families with one children are given some benefits so that it encourages people to have one child.

人口是主要问题之一。我们不应该拒绝人们生育多个孩子，但应该制定一个计划，为只有一个孩子的家庭提供一些福利，鼓励人们只生一个孩子。

@ashishsunny7963

This problem will further be multiplied by the fact that this region is experiencing population explosion.

由于该地区正在经历人口爆炸，这一问题将进一步加剧。

@uditdad748

As a resident of Rajasthan, I agree with you on the water usage. People here waste water a lot, given the overuse of groundwater. We must use water consciously and smartly. We must spread awareness about water conservation, Rainwater harvesting and transform traditional agricultural practices to an environmental friendly. Water is the most precious resource and it should be kept as such. Stricter norms regarding water usage should be implemented.

作为拉贾斯坦邦的居民，我同意你的观点。地下水过度使用，这里的人们浪费了很多水。我们必须有意识地、巧妙地用水。我们必须传播节约用水、收集雨水的意识，并将传统农业方式转变为环境友好型农业方式。水是最宝贵的资源，应该节约保存。应该实施更严格的用水标准。

@abhisekdas435

Then you taking about northwestern India you should have also talked about Pakistan as we well as both have same geographical area and that part also facing huge water crisis

你说的是印度西北部，你应该也谈谈巴基斯坦，因为我们处于相同的地理区域，那里也面临着严重的水危机

@muktiprateekdas9769

I think u are using statistical analysis from 2012. Well that problem for large part of North India will be solved river linking project with large number of artificial ponds branching out from linking project. Contrary to popular believe 97 percent of water in india comes from monsoon. There will be larger water problem in tribal belt in Easter states in india than in North india

我想你用的是2012年的统计分析。印度北部大部分地区的问题将由河流连接工程解决，大量人工池塘将从连接工程中延伸出来。与人们普遍认为的相反，印度97%的水来自季风。印度东部各邦部落地带的水问题将比印度北部更严重

@sumitshresth

This has big geopolitical implications for Nepal is that source of water for much of the northern parts of India which as you said is prone to future drought and also has highest density of population in India

这对尼泊尔具有重大的地缘政治影响，因为印度北部大部分地区，如你所说，未来容易发生干旱，而且印度人口密度最高。

@jghifiversveiws8729

It's unfortunate then that these oncoming water woes in India will be commonplace for the rest of the world soon enough.

不幸的是，印度即将到来的水问题很快就会成为世界其他地区的普遍问题。

@indsing

Climate change is of least concern in Punjab. The larger issue is government corruption and illegal divertion of water from farmers inside the state to outside.

气候变化是旁遮普最不关心的问题。更大的问题是政府腐败和非法将水从邦内转移到邦外。

@mg4361

Namely, what ended the Harappan civilisation was a global cooling event, not warming. The warming will make the monsoons more intense and will probably lead to intense flooding, not drying. What India lacks is not water but rather clean water. That is, however, likely to improve as the country develops, regulations get implemented and awareness goes up.

终结哈拉帕文明的是全球变冷事件，而不是变暖。气候变暖将使季风更加强烈，并可能导致严重的洪水，而不是干旱。印度缺乏的不是水，而是干净的水。然而，随着国家的发展，法规的实施和意识的提高，这种情况可能会有所改善。

@JUPITER69966

I am from Haryana and people here just don't care and waste water.  although these kind of videos or to say topics gives me anxety.

我来自哈里亚纳邦，这里的人不在乎，浪费水。尽管这类话题让我感到焦虑。

@awesomestevie27

Water has also been illegally diverted out of Panjab and towards other states

Illegally under international riparian laws, the water isn’t even purchased and it’s drying panjab

水也被非法从旁遮普转移到其他邦。根据国际河流法，这是非法的，没有付钱，而且旁遮普本就干旱