Indonesia Overtook India? The Shocking Rise of Indonesia. The Full Economic Story Explained

印尼经济赶超印度？印尼崛起背后令人震惊的完整经济脉络解析

Indonesia was never supposed to outperform India.

At the start of the 21st century, India appeared destined to pull far ahead. India had the IT boom, global outsourcing, a massive talent pool, and one of the world's fastest-growing economies.

Indonesia, meanwhile, was recovering from a devastating financial crisis.

Yet 25 years later, the average Indonesian produces significantly more economic output than the average Indian.

What happened?

世人原本都不认为印尼的经济表现能超越印度。

21世纪初，印度本应一骑绝尘。当时印度乘着信息技术产业热潮，承接大量全球外包业务，储备了海量专业人才，是全球经济增速最快的国家之一。

而彼时的印尼，还在一场重创本国的金融危机中艰难复苏。

可25年过去，印尼人均经济产出已经大幅高于印度。

这期间究竟发生了什么？

we explore the fascinating economic story of Indonesia's transformation—from the Asian Financial Crisis of 1997 to becoming one of the world's most important manufacturing and critical mineral hubs.

Discover how Indonesia used infrastructure, industrial policy, nickel reserves, EV battery investments, manufacturing clusters, and long-term economic planning to create one of Asia's most remarkable economic success stories.

More importantly, what lessons can India learn as it pursues its ambition of becoming a developed nation by 2047?

This is not a story about one country wng and another losing.

It is the story of two nations that chose very different paths to prosperity.

印尼极具看点的经济转型历程：从1997年亚洲金融危机，到如今成长为全球核心制造业与关键矿产枢纽。

印尼如何依托基建建设、产业扶持政策、镍矿资源储备、电动汽车电池产业投资、产业集群布局以及长远经济规划，书写亚洲最亮眼的经济发展范本。

更关键的是，印度立志在2047年跻身发达国家行列，印尼的发展之路能给印度带来哪些借鉴？

这并非一场非输即赢的国家比拼。

而是两个国家选择截然不同致富道路的发展故事。

以下是各国网友的评论：

StarsandWichfish
For indians seeing their "vishwaguru" akhandbakt completely fail yes

印度人看到自己吹嘘的“世界导师”、统一大国的愿景彻底落空，心里肯定不好受。

akhoyhokha5072
So long india keeps bragging of its vishwaguru, fastest growing economy the 4th largest economy and world superpower, it will remain the biggest 3rd world country in the world even for decades to come. It should be more humble, admit its mistakes and change economic policies towards manufacturing, improve its education policies. There is hardly any innovation breakthrough despite having huge potential. It only export talents to the west and keep bragging as though it's country is the best. Quite delusional isn't it. India in actual reality remains one of the poorest countries in the world with per capita gdp lower than many South Saharan countries and one of the most unequal countries in the world with 1% population owning more than 40% of its countries wealth.

只要印度还天天吹嘘自己是世界导师、全球增速第一、世界第四大经济体、未来超级大国，未来几十年它都只能停留在大型发展中国家行列。印度应该放低姿态，正视自身问题，调整政策大力发展制造业，完善教育体系。印度潜力巨大，却几乎拿不出创新成果，只不断向西方国家输送人才，还总自吹天下第一，实在太过自负。现实里印度仍是全球最贫困国家之一，人均GDP比不上不少撒哈拉以南非洲国家；国内贫富差距悬殊，仅1%的富人掌握全国超四成财富。

mdashraf7560
It's Soo Late, The World Sees india as a Random African Countrey , Even Donald Trump Openly Called India's Economy a "Dead Economy" , Because 99% Population of india Only Survives in just $1.6k per Capita income, That's Literally Poverty, Every South East Asia Countries are Far Ahead of india, Even South Asian Countries are Develo Fast

现在为时已晚，国际社会都把印度当成普通非洲穷国。特朗普也曾直言印度经济毫无活力。印度人均收入仅1600美元，九成九民众挣扎在贫困线上。所有东南亚国家发展水平都远超印度，就连其他南亚国家发展速度都更快。

AnonGeorge-xw6lc
@mdashraf7560 India has many problems but we are trying to solve. And most importantly we are not beggars.

 印度确实问题不少，但我们一直在努力改善。最重要的一点，我们不靠乞讨度日。

AnonGeorge-xw6lc
No one bragging but when we reach a milestone , it is time for celebration. We need to achieve much more and we are trying to improve, despite all our shortcomings.

我们不是盲目吹牛，只是取得阶段性成就时会庆祝。我们清楚还有很长的路要走，即便存在诸多短板，也一直在努力进步。

peterdsouza1259
We are just a big consumer market for foreign investors

我们对外国投资者而言，不过是一块庞大的消费市场而已。

indiofarmer
Try running business in India ( I indeed did for a few years ) .It is a very frustrating experience . This corruption ridden, bureaucratic system is doomed

你们可以试试在印度做生意，我亲身经营过好几年，过程让人极度心累。腐败横行、办事流程繁琐的体制早晚会拖垮发展。

SamP-n3g
India needs to concentrate heavily on manufacturing on an urgent basis. Currently it is barely about 15%, which is extremely low. It needs to be about 30%. In addition, India needs to provide better high school education to masses in rural areas. While very few urban areas have satisfactory highschool education, most rural and small towns have very poor high school education. In addition a lot of students don't even reach middleshool level, especially girls. This is because of social norms and poverty.

印度必须立刻重点发展制造业。当前制造业占比仅15%，水平极低，目标至少要提升至30%。除此之外，农村地区的高中教育亟待改善。只有少数城市的高中教学质量达标，大部分村镇的高中办学条件极差。受传统观念与贫困影响，大量孩子连初中都读不完，女孩失学现象尤为严重。

benw.2702
Machine-made products raise gdp, not hande-made products. India should industrialize. It can outdo China, Indinesia, also America, given the energy, effort, engineering, mechanical expertise

工业化量产产品才能拉高GDP，手工艺品作用有限。印度应当全面推进工业化。只要肯投入资源、深耕工程机械领域，完全有机会赶超中国、印尼乃至美国。

tlee3838
The only problem is that those machines are mostly made and engineered in China, Japan, and other advanced Western countries.

可现实难题是，工业设备的设计制造大多掌握在中国、日本以及西方发达国家手中。

chanbasappa5474
Indonesia was always ahead of India in per capita income. In 1980 it was far ahead. India is closing the gap. But indonesia is still ahead. What are the new things are you trying to tell.

印尼人均收入一直高于印度，1980年差距更是巨大。如今印度虽在缩小差距，但印尼依旧领先，视频里讲不出什么新观点。

NANDHAKUMAR-fc3hp
We support only cronies that's where our downfall begins.

国家资源全都倾斜给权贵亲信，这就是印度发展停滞的根源。

Crk-f9b
Even Pakistan Srilanka Nepal Thailand are much better than India. In fact I love Nepal better than India

巴基斯坦、斯里兰卡、尼泊尔、泰国，发展状况全都优于印度。说实话我更喜欢尼泊尔。

lalitkumarllmnlu
S.E asian always ahead from India ...in recent century

近百年来，东南亚各国的发展水平始终领先印度。

induchopra3014
India is waating time on Pakistan. We have to focus on ourselves and good economies like singapore Indonesia and japan. Forget Pakistan. Talk invite friends. Party with friends

印度别再把精力耗在巴基斯坦身上了。应当专注自身发展，多向新加坡、印尼、日本这些经济强国学习。放下对立，多结交友好国家，携手共同发展。

yathindrak1295
India's biggest challenges today still remain, including rampant administrative corruption and general lawlessness. Very few derelict and extremely corrupt officials are prosecuted by the Center or states. Instead, many go scot-free with transfers and enquiries into their misconduct that look like big tamashas. This results in investor reluctance, a flight of domestic capital, and a freeze on foreign capital inflows. Furthermore, the state and central governments vehemently refuse to reform the 19th-century British-created police forces, which are dysfunctional and do not enjoy the public's trust

当下印度最大的难题，是行政腐败泛滥、社会秩序混乱。各级政府极少查办渎职贪腐官员，多数人仅调岗了事，所谓违纪调查形同闹剧。这导致投资者信心不足，国内资本外流、外资不愿入驻。另外，中央与地方政府迟迟不愿改革殖民时期遗留的警察体系，这套体系办事低效，早已失去民众信任。

AG-et6jp
Indonesia had never been behind India. Compare the cities of Indonesia, corruption, health. Above all percapita income.

印尼经济从未落后于印度。对比两国城市建设、腐败程度、医疗水平，尤其是人均收入，差距一目了然。

andryanarinudin3832
Compare India with China in the 80s to early 90s...then compare it now......let it sink in Indian's head how left behind India is

大家对比一下八九十年代的中印，再看看如今两国差距，印度人该清醒认识到自己落后多少。

tlee3838
Indonesia holds onto the shirttail of china, and it is rising with China. India holds onto the shirttail of Trump, and it is falling into the hellhole.

印尼搭上中国发展的顺风车，经济稳步崛起；印度紧跟特朗普，一步步陷入发展泥潭。

05310759
Tea Vendor vs Furniture businessman.

街边卖茶小贩对比家具大老板，差距一目了然。

bhagwanbhagchandani5627
Follow the latest devolpment not speculation

多参考真实最新经济数据，别轻信主观猜测。

জ্ঞানেগভীরে
I think you dont know economical history of india and indonesia and selling lies .
ACCORDING TO WORLD BANK :
IN 1990 :
INDONESIA REAL GDP PER CAPITA IN PPP ( constant at 2021 ) : 4873 dollar
INDIA REAL GDP PER CAPITA IN PPP ( constant at 2021) : 2203 dollar
IN 2024 :
INDONESIA : 14470 dollar
INDIA : 9818 DOLLAR
IN 1990 INDONESIA GDP PER CAPITA IS 2 TIMES OF INDIA ,
IN 2024 INDONESIA GDP PER CAPITA NOT EVEN 1.5 TIMES .
SO INDIA IS CATCHING UP .
WHY DO YOU FOOLING AUDIENCE . INDONESIA LIBERALIZE ITS ECONOMY EVEN BEFORE CHINA , BEFORE EVEN 1970 . LOOK AT INDONESIA , AND CHINA TODAY .
IN 1968 INDONESIA AND INDIA MAY BE SIMILAR GDP PER CAPITA BUT DUE TO LIBERALIZATION IT HAS GROWING AVARAGE 7% BETWEEN 1968 TO 1995 .
AND BY THEN IT HAS ALREADY DOUBLE IT GDP PER CAPITA THAN INDIA . INDIA LIBERALIZE ONLY IN 1991 .
AFTER 1997 CRISIS INDONESIA'S GROWTH is 4% YEAR ON YEAR ONLY .
INDIA WILL CERTAINLY CATCH INDONESIA IN NEAR FUTURE .

我觉得博主根本不了解印尼和印度的经济发展史，视频内容全是误导。

世界银行数据如下：
1990年（以2021年币值计算购买力平价人均GDP）：
印尼：4873美元
印度：2203美元
2024年：
印尼：14470美元
印度：9818美元

1990年印尼人均收入是印度两倍，到2024年，倍数已经不到1.5倍，说明印度正在快速追赶。

博主为什么欺骗观众？印尼早在1970年前就放开市场经济，比中国更早。大家看看如今印尼和中国的发展成果。

1968年两国人均收入差距不大，印尼推行市场化改革后，1968至1995年年均增速7%，人均收入直接翻倍甩开印度。印度直到1991年才开放经济。

1997年金融危机后，印尼年均增速仅4%。

短期内印度的人均经济水平一定能追上印尼。

xanithkl
Wow I thought Indonesia is declining economically… India must be soo bad!

我原本以为印尼经济在走下坡路，这么一看印度的情况实在太差了。

mizanrahman5194
Don't worry, Bollywood will lift India to a level the world has never experienced.

不用担心，宝莱坞产业会把印度经济带到前所未有的高度。

kaisersozajunior8650
800 million hindus receive 5kg food ration per month to survive from the government. That's shocking

印度八亿印度教徒每月靠政府发放五公斤救济粮糊口，实在令人震惊。

streetfoodexplore9910
800 million Hindus and Muslims and Sikhs and Jains and Buddhist and Christians.So correct your statement.

领取救济粮的八亿人包含印度教徒、msl、锡克教徒、耆那教徒、佛教徒、基督徒，你发言要表述准确。

jamalm1372
we should focus on economic issues not social issues .. as prosperity solves many social problems

我们应当专注发展经济，不必纠结社会分歧，经济繁荣能化解大量社会矛盾。

lobalLiberator-t5j
India should now compare with Somalia, Congo, Zambia, Sudan. We are far behind South-east Asian countries in terms of infrastructure, people living standards, happiness et etc.
Our economy may be very high but there is nothing concrete for the public.
Our infrastructure sucks, transportation sucks, media sucks, air sucks, bureaucracy sucks , water sucks, etc

印度现在只配和索马里、刚果、赞比亚、苏丹对比。在基建、居民生活水平、国民幸福感等各方面，我们远远落后东南亚各国。

虽说经济体量看着不小，但民众没有得到实质福利。

基建破败、交通混乱、媒体失真、空气污染、办事效率低下、供水条件糟糕，方方面面都存在严重问题。

samassociates956
Congratulations indonesia, all the best for rapid growth than india. India will also develop hinduism, sanathan.

恭喜印尼，祝愿你们经济持续高速发展，甩开印度。印度也会稳步发展，传承本土古印度文明。

badla2026
bahut ahead hai bhai sadak bana kar kya mila waha leta toh majdoor hi hai. car aur bike toh ganne ke ras pi kar mari padi hai

印尼基建看着再好又如何，修路造桥干活的全是底层劳工。当地汽车摩托车拥堵严重，生活压力一样大。

Badreviews22
Why compare there so many countries with gdp per capita more than india....this is the worst video ever made

全球有大量国家人均收入都高于印度，没必要专门拿来对比，这是我看过最糟糕的一期视频。

ehanahmad5056
Even per capita income of Bangladesh has crossed INDIA's per capita income.....BJP has ensured INDIA to make INDIA a paper tiger.

就连孟加拉国的人均收入都超过印度，人民党执政把印度变成了外强中干的纸老虎。

sureshs9520
It is just foolish to compare any country with India because of its huge population. No country can survive with this population. At least you are surviving in this country. No country in this world will provide free food & shelter to such a huge population that India is providing. For this people should be happy.

拿别的国家和印度对比本身就不合理，我们人口基数太过庞大，没有任何国家能承载这么多人口。至少国内民众还能安稳生活，全球没有第二个国家能给海量人口提供免费粮食保障，民众应当知足。

tlee3838
China survives and prospers with a bigger population.

中国人口比印度更多，却实现了繁荣发展。

Butturaja-gangster
India first lost to far eastern counties...now it has lost to southeast Asian countries...india will be superpower in southasia only Pakistan Afghanistan Nepal Bhutan Bangladesh and Sri Lanka

印度先是发展落后东亚国家，如今又被东南亚国家赶超。所谓超级大国，顶多只能在巴基斯坦、阿富汗、尼泊尔、不丹、孟加拉国、斯里兰卡组成的南亚区域称王。

Ravikumar-iq1qi
All our GDP eaten by Adani Ambani ....next begging competition with Pakistan at IMF...even if you put China in Modi hands within no time he will make China Bankrupt....Moral of the story don't neglect education.

印度的全国经济红利全都被阿达尼、安巴尼两大财阀瓜分，未来我们恐怕要和巴基斯坦一同去国际货币基金组织求助。就算让莫迪管理中国，用不了多久也会拖垮中国经济。这件事给我们的教训：千万不能忽视教育建设。

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