战争爆发前数日，伊朗差点购得中国超音速“航母杀手”，这款武器本可能改写中东战局

Iran almost bought China’s supersonic ‘aircraft-carrier killer’: How it could have changed the Middle East war

伊朗差点购得中国超音速“航母杀手”：这款武器本可能改写中东战局

As the war between Iran, the United States and Israel intensifies across the Middle East, attention has turned to the weapons that could shape the naval balance in the region. During the intial phase of 'Operation Epic Fury' the United States used its naval might including two aircraft carriers to target key sites across Iran. One report suggested that just days before the conflict escalated, Iran had been close to acquiring one of China’s most feared anti-ship weapons, a missile described as an “aircraft-carrier killer”.

随着伊朗、美国和以色列的战事在中东各地不断升级，各方目光纷纷投向了可能重塑该地区海上力量平衡的各类武器。在行动初期，美国动用其海上军事力量，包括两艘航空母舰，对伊朗境内的关键目标实施打击。有报道称，就在冲突升级前数日，伊朗险些获得中国一款令人生畏的反舰武器 —— 一款被称作 “航母杀手” 的导弹。

According to reporting cited by the South China Morning Post, a deal involving the CM-302 anti-ship cruise missile, the export version of China’s YJ-12 was reportedly nearing completion before Beiing publicly rejected the claim. The report, originally published by Reuters, cited multiple sources who said the sale could have significantly strengthened Iran’s ability to threaten US naval forces in the Persian Gulf.

China’s foreign ministry quickly denied the report, calling it “not true”. But the discussion has drawn renewed attention to the missile itself a supersonic weapon designed specifically to target large surface warships, including aircraft carriers.

If Iran had acquired the missile and deployed it along its coastline, analysts say it could have changed the military balance in the narrow waters of the Gulf.

据《南华早报》援引的相关报道称，涉及中国鹰击12 出口型 ——CM-302 反舰巡航导弹的交易，原本已接近达成，此后中国官方公开否认了这一说法。这则最初由路透社发布的报道援引多方消息源表示，这笔军售本可大幅增强伊朗在波斯湾威慑美国海军力量的能力。

中国外交部迅速对该报道予以否认，称其 “不实”。但这一相关讨论，再次让这款超音速导弹本身成为关注焦点 —— 该武器专为打击航母等大型水面战舰设计。

分析人士认为，若伊朗当时购得这款导弹并部署于本国海岸线，或将改写波斯湾狭窄海域的军事力量平衡。

What is China’s YJ-12 'aircraft-carrier killer'?

中国的鹰击-12是“航母杀手”？

The YJ-12 is a Chinese supersonic anti-ship cruise missile designed to strike large naval vessels at long range. Developed by the China, it entered service around 2015 and forms part of Beiing’s growing anti-ship strike capability.

The missile is primarily air-launched, most notably from the ian H-6K strategic bomber. Once released, the YJ-12 uses a booster and ramjet propulsion system to accelerate to speeds of up to Mach 3, allowing it to cover distances of roughly 400–500 km before striking its target. It carries a high-explosive fragmentation warhead of about 500 kg and relies on inertial navigation combined with active radar homing for terminal guidance.

One of the missile’s defining features is its ability to perform high-speed evasive manoeuvres during the final phase of flight, making interception more difficult. Variants such as the YJ-12A can be launched from naval platforms, while export versions like CM-302 and CM-400AKG offer similar capabilities for foreign buyers.

鹰击-12是中国研制的超音速反舰巡航导弹，用于远程打击大型水面舰艇。该导弹由中国自主研发，约2015年列装服役，是中国不断增强的反舰打击能力的重要组成部分。

该导弹主要由空中发射，最常见的载机是轰-6K战略轰炸机。发射后，鹰击-12通过助推器和冲压发动机加速，最高速度可达3马赫，能飞行约400至500公里后命中目标。它搭载约500公斤高爆杀伤战斗部，采用惯性导航加末端主动雷达制导。

这款导弹的核心特点之一，是在飞行末段可进行高速机动规避，大幅提升被拦截的难度。改进型如鹰击-12A可从水面舰艇发射，出口型号分别为CM-302、CM-400AKG。

Could such missiles actually sink a US aircraft carrier?

这类导弹真的能击沉美国航母吗？

The idea of a single missile destroying a modern aircraft carrier is often exaggerated. The United States’ newest carrier, the USS Gerald R. Ford (CVN-78), displaces about 100,000 tonnes and is designed with extensive damage-control systems and compartmentalised hull sections to prevent catastrophic flooding.

Even powerful anti-ship missiles would be unlikely to sink such a vessel with a single strike. Modern carriers are built to absorb damage, contain fires and continue operating after an attack.

However, anti-ship missiles like the YJ-12 could still pose a serious threat. A successful hit might disable flight operations, damage radar systems or temporarily reduce combat capability. Military planners worry more about coordinated “saturation attacks”, where multiple missiles are launched simultaneously to overwhelm defences.

US carriers rarely operate alone. They typically sail within a carrier strike group protected by destroyers, submarines and layered missile-defence systems designed to intercept incoming threats long before they reach the carrier itself.

单枚导弹就能摧毁一艘现代化航母的说法，往往言过其实。美国最新型的“杰拉尔德·R·福特”号航母（CVN-78）排水量约10万吨，舰体设计配备了完善的损管系统和分隔式舱段，能有效防止因破损引发的致命性进水。

即便威力强劲的反舰导弹，也难以凭借单次打击击沉此类大型航母。现代化航母的建造标准本就要求其能承受打击、控制火情，并在遇袭后继续执行作战任务。

但鹰击-12这类反舰导弹，仍能形成严重威胁。一旦命中，导弹可能使航母的舰载机起降作业瘫痪、损毁雷达系统，或暂时削弱其作战能力。军事规划人员更担忧协同实施的“饱和攻击”——即同时发射多枚导弹，突破敌方的防御体系。

美国航母极少单独行动，通常会以航母打击群的编制航行，由驱逐舰、潜艇为其护航，且配备多层导弹防御系统，能在来袭目标接近航母本体前，对其实施远程拦截。

以下是印度时报读者的评论：

Guru
All Chinese weapons have proved to be duds in recent wars. Their air defense systems like HQ9 failed in Pakistan, Venezuela and Iran. Their much hyped long range air to air missile, PL15 dropped to the ground without hitting anything and is dismantled by India for studying how not to make missiles. Good thing that these anti ship missiles were not purchased - otherwise, just like other Made in China products, it would have just fizzed out!

近几年的战争已经证明，中国武器全是没用的次品。他们的红旗-9防空系统在巴基斯坦、委内瑞拉、伊朗全都不好使。被大肆吹捧的霹雳-15远程空空导弹，直接掉在地上，什么都没打中，还被印度拆开来研究“千万别这么造导弹”。还好伊朗没买这些反舰导弹，不然就跟其他中国制造一样，直接哑火！

Rajesh Patil
Totally agree. China will now create fake videos to promote their weapons like they did in operation sindoor.

完全同意。中国接下来肯定会做假视频推销武器，就像他们在辛杜尔行动期间干的那样。

Lone Wolf
The Sale can still happen.

这笔交易还是有可能达成。

Anjalee Upadhyay
Iran should not buy any Chinese weapon systems. They failed in op sindoor, they failed in Venezuela, they failed in Iran. Iran should not waste precious money on these Chinese junks. Instead their brilliant engineers should focus on designing and manufacturing their own defense systems. First let this war end.

伊朗不该买中国武器。它们在辛杜尔行动、委内瑞拉、伊朗全都失灵。伊朗别把宝贵的钱浪费在购买这些中国武器上。他们优秀的工程师应该专心研发自己的国防装备。先等这场战争结束再说。

Assia Chouk
Don't exaggerate american weapons n vessels. We now know how iran is playing with these so called US Weapons .

别夸大美国武器和军舰。现在大家都看到伊朗是怎么戏耍这些所谓美国装备的。

Vp
What's to stop their aquisition post a TACO scenario and cessation of the war now...the whole chaos unleashed is a pandoras box

等现在的冲突结束、局势平稳后，有什么能阻止伊朗采购呢。这场乱局就是个潘多拉魔盒。

Bijay
Fake news peddled by Chinese news agencies through its paid media outlets abroad.

这是中方媒体通过海外收买的喉舌散布的假新闻。

Rajesh Patil
Chinese weapons are only good on paper. Air defense system did not fire in operation Sindoor, air defense did not work in Venezuela and in Iran. They are only good to make Chinese people fool and parade every year for PLA.

中国武器只在纸面上厉害。防空系统在辛杜尔行动里没开火，在委内瑞拉和伊朗也不好使。它们也就骗骗中国人，每年给本国阅兵撑场面。

M
Good that Iran didn't buy
Chinese goods don't perform

还好伊朗没买，中国货根本不好用

Ravishankar
USA should supply Taiwan with long range missiles capable of hitting the heart of China.

美国应该向台军提供能打击中国大陆腹地的远程导弹。