China's Thorium-to-Uranium breakthrough paves way for cleaner nuclear future

中国钍转铀技术突破，为未来更清洁的核能铺平道路

In a major breakthrough for nuclear energy, China has successfully operated the world's first reactor capable of transmuting thorium into uranium to sustain nuclear fission. This milestone marks a significant step forward in the global pursuit of safe and sustainable atomic power.

The thorium-based molten salt reactor represents a fourth-generation nuclear system. Unlike traditional reactors, it uses thorium as fuel and a molten salt coolant, allowing it to operate without water, at atmospheric pressure, and produce high-temperature output.

This technological achievement is particularly strategic for China, which faces energy sustainability challenges due to its heavy reliance on imported uranium. By leveraging its abundant domestic reserves of thorium, the new reactor offers a potential path toward greater energy independence.

中国在核能领域取得了一项重大突破，成功运行了全球首个能够将钍嬗变为铀以维持核裂变的反应堆。这一里程碑标志着全球在追求安全且可持续的原子能方面迈出了重要一步。

钍基熔盐堆是第四代核系统。与传统反应堆不同，它以钍为燃料、熔盐为冷却剂，无需用水即可在常压下运行，并能产生高温输出。

这项技术成就对中国具有特殊战略意义。中国因严重依赖进口铀而面临能源可持续性挑战，借助国内丰富的钍储量，新反应堆为提升能源独立性提供了潜在路径。

The technology is designed for deep integration with renewable energy sources and hydrogen production, positioning it as a cornerstone for a future multi-energy, low-carbon composite energy system.

The breakthrough was achieved by a team from the Shanghai Institute of Applied Physics. The success stems from a 2-megawatt thermal (MWt) liquid-fueled reactor located in the Hongshagang industrial cluster in Wuwei city, Gansu province.

Through a collaborative national effort, the experimental reactor, which began construction in 2020, successfully accomplished the world's first thorium loading in a molten salt reactor in 2024, turning a laboratory concept into an engineering reality.

该技术旨在与可再生能源和氢能生产深度融合，成为未来多能源、低碳复合能源系统的基石。

这一突破由上海应用物理研究所的团队实现。成功源于位于甘肃省武威市红沙岗工业园区的一座2兆瓦热功率液态燃料反应堆。

通过全国协同努力，这座2020年开工建设的实验堆于2024年成功完成全球首次钍基熔盐堆装钍运行，将实验室概念转化为工程现实。

以下是印度网友的评论：

Георгий-ъ9ж5я
Очень рады видеть успехи китайских братьев!

看到中国兄弟们取得的成就，我们太高兴了！

TheAravindppadman
China is the only hope for the world

中国是世界唯一的希望

atanumukherjee4613
Absolutely.

说的太对了

daksans6764
Yes the only hope and the last hope

对，既是唯一的希望，也是最后的希望

AntikasWorld
Yeah, the west just wants to live only by themselves!

可不是嘛，西方就只想自己过得舒坦！

bobjack2381
Complicated projects thumbs up to China

这么复杂的项目都能搞定，给中国点赞！

yellowsheeps
This paves the way for "develo countries" who have been under the boot of Western Imperialism to develop. Without clean, reliable and cheap energy, no country can develop which is what Western Imperialism does. Western Imperialism is wealth extraction (land, resources, labor, human mind etc..) from the World for the benefit of a Racist Elite minority. Imperialism keeps and forces countries to stay under-developed and dependent by controlling Markets.

这为那些长期受西方帝国主义压迫的“发展中国家”铺好了发展道路。没有清洁、可靠又便宜的能源，任何国家都发展不起来，而这正是西方帝国主义想要的结果。西方帝国主义就是掠夺全球财富（土地、资源、劳动力、人力智慧等等），只为少数种族主义精英谋利。帝国主义通过控制市场，强制各国保持不发达状态，只能依赖别人。

PhilipWong
The fact that Norwegian monitoring stations detected no radioactive signature from the Burevestnik nuclear-powered (SSC-X-9 Skyfall) missile's test flight strongly suggests that its developers have made a profound breakthrough in solving the twin challenges of radiation shielding and reactor miniaturization. This engineering feat opens a potential pathway to adapt this compact nuclear technology for civilian use. The same principles could one day power unmanned cargo planes with global range, massive ships capable of years at sea without refueling, and heavy construction equipment that operates entirely off-grid. Should this technology be integrated with safer designs like molten salt reactors, it could accelerate this transition, moving what is now a strategic weapon into the realm of transformative civilian infrastructure.

挪威监测站在“海燕”核动力导弹（SSC-X-9“天陨”）试射时，没检测到任何放射性信号。这一事实充分说明，研发人员在解决辐射屏蔽和反应堆小型化这两大难题上，取得了重大突破。这一工程成就，为这项小型核技术转向民用开辟了可能。未来，这套技术原理或许能用来驱动全球航程的无人货机、续航数年无需加油的大型船舶，以及完全脱离电网运行的重型工程设备。如果把这项技术和熔盐堆这类更安全的设计结合，就能加快这一转型，让现在的战略武器变成改变格局的民用基础设施。

albback8176
Excellent!

太棒了！

cam35mm
Thank you, China, for pursuing this clean, safe energy... humankind will benefit from your efforts.

感谢中国钻研这种清洁、安全的能源，人类都会从中受益的。

Dave-f5n
Go China !!

中国加油！！

thomasschieron4534
Great

太棒了

chenxn2905
My homeland, China, will become a beacon illuminating all humanity.

我的祖国中国，是照亮全人类的灯塔。

GoatLandFarms
Good

不错！

bhaihay
Always China for reliability & steadfastness.

靠谱又坚定，永远支持中国。

ulisirius9027
Great development! Together with the miniature nuclear power plant of the Burevestnik a real revolution is possible. Implementation all over!

发展太牛了！再加上“海燕”的小型核电站，真有可能引发一场能源革命。赶紧在全球推广起来！

আমিইবাংলাদেশমিলিনিয়াম
Great achievement.

成就太了不起了。

Abcd-i9x4e
वाह, भारत से प्यार! भारत में थोरियम के बड़े भंडार और मजबूत अनुसंधान डिजाइन (जैसे AHWR रिएक्टर) हैं, लेकिन अभी तक कोई चालू थोरियम रिएक्टर नहीं है।

哇，爱印度！印度有丰富的钍储量，研究设计（比如AHWR反应堆）是刚刚的，但至今还没有一座正在运行的钍反应堆。

moralambush
China and India should work together on this.

中国和印度应该在这方面合作。

mjmobile
Bravo!

好极了！

maxszhao
amazing, it is so small, maybe can even fit into a frigate .

太惊人了，体积这么小，说不定都能装到护卫舰上。

lunlunqq
the reactor core itself is small but the entire facility needed to allow it run safely is actually bigger than a conventional uranium reactor. Thus, it is not suitable for ship based operations.

反应堆堆芯本身虽小，但要让它安全运行所需的整套设施，实际上比传统铀反应堆还大。所以，它并不适合船用。

yojimbo3681
Thorium over-capacity let's go!!!!

钍能源产能过剩搞起来！

thewelshdragon.5979
China's advancement in science is impressive

中国的科技进步太让人惊叹了

ghostparticle88
Will lead to many other beneficial applications

这会催生很多其他有益的应用

simonc4764
I have a old vintage lens from the 70s that uses thorium coating, the lens turned yellow over time.

我有一个70年代的老镜头，上面有钍涂层，时间久了镜头就变黄了。

Mar-ec7et
use detergent to wash it

用清洁剂洗洗试试

simonc4764
@Mar-ec7et UV light to cure it

 用紫外线照射就能修复

firstlast-pt5pp
if it's so safe, why are they so careful? - they sould be installing these things like wind/solar plants

要是真这么安全，他们为什么还这么小心？应该像建风电、光伏电站那样大规模建啊

fantasybellz
Good brain, keep up with the good work. Cheers

思路很棒，继续加油！干杯

andrewsuryali8540
It doesn't generate electricity yet. The 2MW number is thermal. It's the heat generated by the reactor. The plan is to build a bigger 10MWth reactor that can generate 4MW electric power using a supercritical CO2 turbine.

它现在还不能发电。2兆瓦指的是热功率，就是反应堆产生的热量。计划是建一个更大的10兆瓦热功率反应堆，用超临界二氧化碳涡轮机来发4兆瓦的电。

DK-pw2yq
Kudos . China all the way . Proud moment for humanity .

致敬！中国加油。这是全人类的骄傲时刻。

tickynorth
If you don't know by now, Thorium is the miracle that Uranium promised but failed to deliver cheap and clean power.. It's also WAAAAAAY more efficient. 1 Metric Tonne of Thorium has the same energy potential as 3,500,000 Tonnes of COAL! That alone says how efficient thorium powered SMR's are compared to fossil fuels much less Uranium which has the power of 200T of coal for every Tonne of Uranium. Great but not even in the same ballpark! THORIUM IS THE FUTURE OF GLOBAL ENERGY! Prove me wrong.

要是现在还不知道，那我告诉你：钍才是铀承诺过却没实现的——廉价又清洁的能源奇迹。而且钍的效率高太多了！1吨钍的能量潜力相当于350万吨煤！单这一点就足以说明，钍基小型模块化反应堆比化石燃料高效多少，更别说铀了——1吨铀只相当于200吨煤的能量。铀确实不错，但和钍根本不是一个级别！钍就是全球能源的未来！不服来辩。

Abcd-i9x4e
India has 50% of world's thorium and we are also develo energy based on thorium we have entered in stage 2 , pray for us that we succeed

印度拥有全球50%的钍储量，我们也在研发钍能源，现在已经进入第二阶段了，为我们祈祷，希望能成功。

AntikasWorld
China always first

中国永远第一

user-ve3gh5xg9q
Trump you Fired

特朗普，你被解雇了

etow8034
Cheap, safe and abundant power for 1.4 billion !

为14亿人提供廉价、安全又充足的电力！

samrolfe2563
USA had a thorium nuclear reactor back in the 1960s.

美国早在20世纪60年代就有钍核反应堆了。

constitution1550
And so ?

那又怎样？

strongchallenger2269
Just wait for a few more days for this news to reach the west. China stole, copied and lied to the world. It's all our technology!

再等几天，这消息传到西方，他们肯定会说：中国偷窃、抄袭，还欺骗全世界。这些全是我们的技术！

kinwaisiu9414
Yeah, China would steal inferior techs from the west

可不是嘛，中国才不会偷西方那些落后技术

masterkoi29
They can't even developed this critical technology. The west only knows how you hire hackers. Soon US hackers will be revealed to the world once the Chinese top universities started using Loongson processors as it was the processor use on China's beidou satellite

他们自己都搞不出这种关键技术。西方人就只会雇黑客。等中国顶尖大学都用上龙芯处理器，美国黑客的真面目很快就会暴露——龙芯可是中国北斗卫星用的处理器。

Mar-ec7et
Tech is to serve the people and business. Not for glory and gloating over who first...

技术是为人民和产业服务的，不是用来争谁第一、也不是用来炫耀的。

rinkupradhan9106
Well done. Indian has world's 60% Thorium reserve. Indian also trying same but China first

干得好。印度拥有全球60%的钍储量，我们也在做同样的研究，但中国先成功了。

Chamardalit
China found enough Thorium to last it 60,000 years

中国已探明的钍储量，足够用6万年。

Airbiscuitmaker
Nice AI, but no it is just some sort of clickbait. Thorium molten salt reactos are still as real as cake in the sky.

说得好听，其实就是博眼球的噱头。钍熔盐堆至今还是空中楼阁，根本不现实。

SevenBee-q2j
@Airbiscuitmaker .. You must be American surely ... Arrogant ignorance the only thing the Yanks have left

你肯定是美国人吧，傲慢又无知

Ben-CHk
More propaganda

又是宣传罢了

1940 — Glenn T. Seaborg and his Berkeley team were the first to make uranium-233 by irradiating thorium.

1940年——格伦·T·西博格和他的伯克利团队首次通过辐照钍制得了铀-233。

Only 85 years later China

时隔整整85年，中国才做到。

DailyBeatings
Where's the active thorium-based molten salt reactor in the US? Oh, there is none. Also kanging about a process you weren't a part of and are not actively develo is an Al Bundy "four touch downs in a high school football game" level of desperation to appear relevant.

美国现在有正在运行的钍基熔盐堆吗？哦，一个都没有。拿一个自己没参与、现在也没在研发的技术吹牛，这就像艾尔·邦迪总提“高中足球赛四次达阵”一样，不过是急于刷存在感的可悲挣扎。

Ben-CHk
@DailyBeatings China has never achieved anything first

中国就从没第一个实现过任何成就

DailyBeatings
@Ben-CHk First to deploy a quantum communications satellite. First to land on the far side of the moon and return samples. First to put into operation fourth generation nuclear power plants. First to create a petabit optical storage device. Shall I go on? Also your racism is showing, better cover that up

第一个部署量子通信卫星。第一个登陆月球背面并带回样本。第一个建成第四代核电站并投入运行。第一个研发出PB级光存储设备。还要我继续说吗？而且你的种族歧视都暴露无遗了，还是藏一藏吧。

babibu-o1m
China is savior of humanity!

中国是人类的救世主！

继续阅读：核裂变   反应堆   核能   原子能

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