华尔街日报：这家公司是中国的主要依靠，美国遏制中国的努力起到了反效果

This Company Is China’s Main Bet Against TSMC and Samsung | WSJ

《华尔街日报》：这家公司是中国抗衡三星和台积电的主要依靠

SMIC is China’s main bet against Taiwan’s TSMC and South Korea’s Samsung in the global AI race. But the U.S.’s efforts to keep Beiing’s biggest chipmaker in check appear to have had the opposite effect. Huawei recently unveiled a new line of SMIC manufactured semiconductors that rival Nvidia’s.

中芯国际是中国在全球人工智能竞赛中抗衡中国台湾地区的台积电以及韩国三星的主要力量。然而，美国遏制中国最大芯片制造商的努力似乎起到了反效果。华为最近推出了由中芯国际代工的一系列新半导体产品，这些产品可以与英伟达的产品相媲美。

以下是外国网友的评论：

alanturing6232
The art of turning your biggest customer into biggest competitor

这是把最大的客户变成最大竞争对手

MetaView7
Reporter: How far behind is China?
Jensen: China is not behind.

记者：中国落后多远？

詹森：中国没有落后。

jolness1
They objectively are behind and Jensen knows it. Not saying they will stay behind but they are using a ton of passes in multi patterning to make something that’s 4-6yrs behind others.

客观上他们是落后的，詹森也清楚这一点。倒不是说他们会一直落后，他们在多重图案化技术上用了很多手段，造出来的东西比别人落后4到6年。

leeo268
Without having to fight war all over the world, China got plenty of money to invest into their tech.

中国无需在世界各地打仗，才会有大量资金可投入到自身的科技领域。

Sunnyday-snow
This reminds me of the Chinese space station, Tiangong. Back in the 1990s, the U.S. Congress banned China from participating in the International Space Station program, largely over concerns about technology transfer. China said: “Fine — we’ll build our own.” And they did. By 2021, China had launched and begun assembling Tiangong, which is now fully operational, one of only two space stations currently in orbit. Meanwhile, the ISS, the only other active station, is aging and scheduled to be decommissioned around 2030. The chip war is only pushing them to be completely independent like their space program and limiting our chip producers access to the biggest technology-consuming market in the world. It is very short-sighted.

这让我想起了中国的空间站“天宫”。上世纪90年代，美国国会主要出于对技术转移的担忧，禁止中国参与国际空间站项目。中国说：“好，那我们就自己建。” 然后他们做到了。

到2021年，中国发射并开始组装“天宫”，如今“天宫”已全面投入使用，它是目前仅有的两个在轨空间站之一。

与此同时，国际空间站作为唯一另一个仍在运行的空间站，正在老化，预计在2030年左右退役。

芯片战争只会促使中国像发展太空项目那样实现完全自主，还限制了我们的芯片生产商进入世界上最大的技术消费市场。

这是非常短视的行为。

Akash-uq8wg
Good analogy.
The dragon has awoken, now the usa want to antagonize it.

比喻得很恰当。

巨龙已经觉醒，现在美国却想挑衅它。

Muhammad_Ahmad_
Only the U.S sees the success of other countries as a threat to its national security, it reminds me of the saying: for those accustomed to privileged, equality feels like oppression

只有美国把其他国家的成功视为国家安全的威胁，这让我想起一句俗语：对于那些习惯了享有特权的人来说，平等就像是压迫。

MGZetta
It's only matter of time. Laws of physics works the same in China as everywhere else. When China achieve it, they will be the only country that can build chips on their own. Which means from mined materials to EUV to chip itself will be vertically integrated only in China. It will give them the full power to undercut others just like how they did it in battery, solar panels, and EV industry. Remember, China was forced to invest in chips. Before, they were fine with using American chips for their stuff.

这只是时间问题。物理定律在中国和在其他任何地方都一样适用。中国实现目标后，将成为唯一能自主制造芯片的国家。这意味着从开采的原材料到极紫外技术再到芯片本身，只有中国能够实现垂直整合。这将赋予他们彻底击败其他国家的能力，就像他们在电池、太阳能电池板和电动汽车行业所做的那样。要知道，中国是被迫投资芯片领域的。以前，他们使用美国芯片

jack_waterman
Yes, but murica will have quantum computers, that they will fuse into the best processors in the world, as sort of a post-cyborg hybrid, part supercomputer, part future tech that noone even really understands yet except the AI, but is obviously much better.

没错，但美国到时候会有量子计算机，他们会把量子计算机融入世界上最好的处理器中，有点像后赛博格（半机械人）的混合体，一部分是超级计算机，一部分是除了人工智能外没人真正理解的未来技术，但显然要先进得多。

SiamKhan-j1f
@jack_waterman US was ahead of China at lots of things 10 years ago but us is behind of China in lots of technology. In car, battery, soler, ship building and anything related to building something , high speed train, hypersonic missile, drone technology, smartphone, 6G, 6gen fighter jets, renewable energy and in many many other things US is behind of China once upon a time US was ahead of China. China is the only country in the world that has a Non nuclear hydrogen bomb and China is also the only country that has its own personal space station. So I hope you get my point.

十年前，美国在很多方面领先中国，但如今美国很多技术领域落后于中国。

在汽车、电池、太阳能、造船以及与制造相关的所有领域，还有高铁、高超音速导弹、无人机技术、智能手机、6G、第六代战斗机、可再生能源等许许多多领域，美国曾经领先中国，现在却落后了。

中国是世界上唯一一个拥有“无核氢弹”的国家，也是唯一一个拥有自己空间站的国家。希望你明白我的观点。

YSKWatch
the only 1 area that china was behind is: passanger airplane, but they starting to catch up.

中国唯一落后的领域是：客机领域，目前他们正在开始追赶。

OsmanZubair-q6b
@YSKWatch Also behind in precision manufacturing, which is very important that's why china seems to lag in pharmaceuticals, submarines technology, and other stuff. But it is catching up.

中国在精密制造领域也有差距，这一点非常关键，造成了中国在制药、潜艇技术及其他方面似乎也比较滞后。但中国正在追赶。

regenwurm5584
SMIC: Semiconductor Made In China

中芯国际：中国制造的半导体

Amidat
the funny thing is so many of it's engineers moved to Mainland China from Taiwan. Even funnier is the founder of TSMC was born on Mainland China

有趣的是，中芯国际的很多工程师是从台湾地区来到中国大陆的。更有意思的是，台积电的创始人出生在中国大陆。

alihasanabdullah7586
These are human technologies. Designed by humans. Other humans can learn and create them when necessary. Most inventions and technologies are not as unique or unreplicable as people often perceive.

这些是人类的技术，是由人类设计的。其他人类在必要时也能够学习并创造这些技术。大多数发明和技术并不像人们通常认为的那样独特且不可复制。

martinzihlmann822
I think behind the scenes a lot of those advancements are made because Chinese companies do not care about patent law. It's not only technology transfer, it's an entire ecosystem in China where an idea can spread through the entire economy in days. Coming from a SE background I always compare it to the open source community being far faster and more resilient than any proprietary tech. We in the west must adapt our laws to curtail tech monopolies or we will fall behind.

我认为在这些进步的背后，很大程度上是因为中国公司不在意专利法。这不仅仅是技术转移，中国有一整个生态系统，一个想法几天内就能传遍整个经济体。我有软件工程（SE）背景，总是把它和开源社区作比较，开源社区的发展速度比任何专有技术都要快，而且更具韧性。我们西方必须调整我们的法律，遏制技术垄断，否则就会落后。

saellenx3528
Il make a bold prediction. By 2030 China is gonna be self sufficient and free of western supply chains regarding semiconductors.

我大胆预测一下。到2030年，中国将在半导体领域实现自给自足，摆脱西方的供应链。

ricnyc2759
Maybe 2 or 3 years before that.
They can already make 5nm chips.
"China's leading chipmaker, Semiconductor Manufacturing International Corporation (SMIC), is reportedly on track to complete the development of 5nm chips by 2025, potentially using alternative methods like quadruple patterning to circumvent EUV lithography limitations. "
Those 5nm are probably good enough for 99% of all computing needs.

也许比那还早两三年。

他们已经能够制造5纳米芯片了。

“据报道，中国领先的芯片制造商中芯国际（SMIC）有望在2025年前完成5纳米芯片的研发，可能会采用四重图案化等替代方法来规避极紫外光刻技术的限制。”

这些5纳米芯片大概能满足99%的计算需求。

mwaririlyrics
Never bet against China ever, I don't understand how usa has never learnt that.

永远不要和中国打赌，我不明白美国怎么就一直没吸取教训。

KingOfNaraka
It's just a matter of time given their determination and investment. Just look at what they have done: landed rovers on Mars and the moon, built space station, leading in EV technologies, leading in ship building, leading in high-speed rail networks, leading in infrastructures building, competitive in military equipments, competitive in AI, leading the world in producing STEM grads, just to name a few things they're good at. Most scary of all, they have competent people running their government.

鉴于他们的决心和投入，这只是时间问题。看看他们都做了些什么：让火星车和月球车着陆，建造空间站，在电动汽车技术方面领先，在造船领域领先，高铁领先，基础设施建设领先，军事装备有竞争力，在人工智能方面有竞争力，在培养理工科（STEM）毕业生方面领先世界，这只是他们擅长的其中一些方面。最可怕的是，他们有能干的领导人

SeanLumly
Nope. It's Huawei. Huawei is opening its own foundry, and they have their own EUV that is potentially more efficient than ASMLs. The design their own chips, including AI. They design their own cards and server clusters. They design their own optical interconnects, and comsumer devices. They have been moving on photonics. And they are possibly the most vertically integrated tech company on EARTH. SMIC is a significant player, no doubt. But Huawei is where the bets should be placed. Huawei.

不。是华为。华为正在开设自己的芯片代工厂，而且他们有自己的极紫外（EUV）技术，这可能比阿斯麦（ASML）的技术更高效。他们自己设计芯片，包括人工智能芯片。他们设计自己的显卡和服务器集群。他们设计自己的光互连技术和消费设备。他们一直在发展光子学。而且他们可能是地球上垂直整合程度最高的科技公司。毫无疑问，中芯国际是一个重要的参与者。但赌注应该押在华为身上。

Mzah14
7nm, 5nm and 3nm are simply marketing terms and don't really mean anything in practical terms. The technology is more complex than simple size numbers.
For now SMIC does not have access to EUV and EUV NA Lithograph machines which are neccessary for the newer nodes, as China does not have a competitor to ASML. China is making a big push towards building those machines themselves and eventualy they will. But for now they are not quite there yet

7纳米、5纳米和3纳米不过是营销术语，实际上并没有什么实际意义。这项技术比单纯的数字要复杂得多。

目前中芯国际无法获得极紫外（EUV）和极紫外纳米压印光刻（EUV NA Lithograph）机器，而这些对于最先进的芯片制程节点来说是必需的，因为中国没有能与阿斯麦竞争的企业。

中国正在大力推动自主制造这些机器，最终他们会做到的。但目前他们还没完全实现。

AhmadShah-oz5wu
Even Chinese jets are getting global reputation after downing Indian Rafael

就连中国战机在击落印度“阵风”战机后，也在全球赢得了声誉。

anielliaw
It is just a matter of time before a ASML equivalent is created.

中国创造出一个能与阿斯麦相媲美的企业，这只是时间问题。

Global_Harming
It took some blindingly stupid politicians to not see this as the most likely outcome.

一些极其愚蠢的政客才看不到这本来就极有可能出现的结果。

junaidt192
"Looming threat of chinas technological advancement".. since when is technological advancement a threat?..oh when china does it

“中国技术进步带来的潜在威胁”，技术进步什么时候成了威胁呢？哦，因为这是中国

MartinNew14
I find it amazing how Chiina has been progressively advancing toward self-reliance across multiple sectors. Significant strides have already been made, with semiconductors being one of the few remaining challenges. However, recent achievements—such as the development of 7nm chips and progress toward 5nm technology—demonstrate substantial capability. In contrast, Europe's contributions in this area appear limited by comparison, I mean nothing.

我惊叹于中国在多个领域正逐步实现自力更生。中国已经取得了重大进展，半导体是仅存的少数挑战之一。然而，近期的成果，比如7纳米芯片的研发以及在5纳米技术上的进展，彰显了强大的实力。相比之下，欧洲在这个领域的贡献相较之下显得有限，简直不值一提。

nahlene1973
It's like a Chinese guy opens a steakhouse, At first they were banned to buy ready-to-cook meat, so they have to go to butcher store themselves. Then that's banned too, they are forced to raise cattle themselves; Eventually they will have everything from cattle feed to cow hide industry all domestic.
The more bans there are, the more complete a supply chain they will have. This kinda ban only works on countries without a good industrial foundation, not on the world's most industrialized nation. Those policies were very short sighted in the first place.

这就好比一个中国人开了一家牛排馆。起初，他们被禁止购买现成的可烹饪肉类，所以他们不得不自己去肉店采购。后来连这个也被禁止了，他们就被迫自己养牛。最终，从牛饲料到牛皮产业，他们实现全产业链国产化。

禁令越多，他们的供应链就会越完整。这种禁令只对那些没有良好工业基础的国家起作用，对世界上工业化程度最高的国家可不管用。这些政策从一开始就目光短浅。

carychang510
Cutting out the competition at their knees, very on point American. That’s the only way to BS a continual American Exceptionalism when there are none.

直接扼杀竞争，美国可真行啊。当没有所谓的“美国例外论”实际依据的时候，这是维持“美国例外论”的唯一忽悠手段了。

titanxe5579
I am always fascinated by English news media for silently removing Taiwan from China's map while all English speaking countries officially admit Taiwan is the only China's territory.

所有英语国家都正式承认台湾是中国领土，但英语新闻媒体却偷偷地把台湾从中国地图上抹去，这一点一直让我很不解。

timothyhsu9418
There is no western rivals, either Samsung or TSMC

无论是三星还是台积电，西方没有能与之竞争的公司

timothyshiu2263
I am tired of tariff and sanction.
Every country, run your own semiconductor manufacturing.
Tariff, go away.

我受够了关税和制裁。

每个国家，发展你们自己的半导体制造业吧。

关税，滚一边去。

thothfund
In the long term, it is better for the United States to invest in Samsung Electronics and SK Hynix. TSMC has close ties with Chinese companies such as Huawei and SMIC. This could pose a major threat in the context of the power struggle between the United States and China.

从长远来看，美国最好投资三星电子和SK海力士。台积电与华为和中芯国际等中国大陆公司关系密切。在美国和中国的权力博弈背景下，这可能构成重大威胁。

hondajacka2
Huawei is building a huge chip manufacturing plant near Shenzhen.

华为正在深圳附近建造一座大型芯片制造厂。

fingerprint8479
China is not only matching but actually surpassing the west in just about all realms of human activity.
Advanced semiconductors is just one of them!
The one who believes to be exceptional, to stand taller and to be able to see further is painfully finding out that China is proving them fundamentally wrong!

中国不仅在几乎所有人类活动领域与西方相当，实际上还超越了西方。

先进的半导体只是其中一个方面！

那些自认为卓越、高高在上且目光远大的人正痛苦地发现，中国正从根本上证明他们是错的！

colafish2152
Even garlic is a national security threat to the U.S., what can I say?

就连大蒜都成了对美国的国家安全威胁，我还能说什么呢？