Infra constraints limit India's capacity to stop river water to Pakistan, but it can control resources

基础设施存在限制，制约了印度截断流向巴基斯坦河水的能力，但印度可对资源加以控制

NEW DELHI: It may not be immediately possible for India to stop the flow of river water to Pakistan due to infrastructural constraints on the ground, but the neighbouring country will feel the pinch during winter when it would be possible for New Delhi to regulate water flow of the western rivers - Indus, Jhelum and Chenab - through its exsting upstream infrastructure.

Observers say that the current phase (April-September) is a period of 'high flow' due to the melting snow in the Himalayas and it, in fact, makes it a necessity for India to let water flow to Pakistan as it does not have adequate storage capacity.

“India doesn't have the infrastructure to divert the water from the western rivers because it was not allowed under the Indus Water Treaty (IWT),” Anjal Prakash, expert on Hindu Kush-Himalayas water system and research director of the Hyderabad-based Indian School of Business (ISB), told TOI.

新德里消息：由于当地基础设施存在限制，印度或许无法立即截断流向巴基斯坦的河流水流。不过，当冬季来临，印度能够通过现有的上游基础设施，对西部河流——印度河、杰赫勒姆河和奇纳布河的水流进行调控，届时，这个邻国会感受到压力。

观察人士称，当前阶段（4月至9月），由于喜马拉雅山脉的积雪融化，河流处于“丰水期”。实际上，印度由于没有足够的蓄水能力，因此有必要让河水流入巴基斯坦。

“印度没有基础设施来改道西部河流的河水，因为《印度河水条约》（IWT）不允许这样做。” 兴都库什-喜马拉雅水系专家、海得拉巴印度商学院（ISB）研究主任安贾尔·普拉卡什向《印度时报》表示。

During the 'low flow' season of winter, New Delhi may somehow regulate the river water flow and its timing using infrastructure of Baglihar and Kishanganga dam. Though these dams are not designed to hold back water, the flow timing can be regulated, impacting Pakistan’s winter crop sowing cycle, mainly wheat, somewhat and that too during the Oct-March period.

In order to punish Pakistan more effectively, India will have to increase its water storage capacity and speed up works on under construction hydropower projects. But it will take time to have such infrastructure on the ground.

在冬季的“枯水期”，印度新德里方面或许能够通过巴格里哈尔（Baglihar）和基尚甘加（Kishanganga）大坝的基础设施，在一定程度上调控河流水流及其时间。尽管这些大坝并非为蓄水而设计，但水流时间是可以调控的，这在一定程度上会影响巴基斯坦冬季作物的播种周期，主要是小麦的播种，而且影响时间集中在10月至次年3月期间。

为了更有效地惩罚巴基斯坦，印度必须提高其蓄水能力，并加快在建水电项目的工程进度。但要在当地建成这样的基础设施还需要时间。

“To utilise the water, India must fast-track hydroelectric and irrigation projects on the western rivers, while enhancing storage and diversion infrastructure on the eastern rivers. Projects like Shahpur Kandi, Ujh, and Ratle can be prioritised. Rapid construction, political will, and inter-agency coordination are crucial,” said Prakash.

Noting that India’s decision to keep the Treaty in abeyance opens the door for strategic control over its river resources, he said, “Within two years, with streamlined approvals and emergency execution powers, India can significantly reduce water flow to Pakistan and redirect it to its own states, bolstering water security and asserting its strategic and hydrological sovereignty.”

普拉卡什说：“为了更好地利用水资源，印度必须加快西部河流上的水电和灌溉项目建设，同时加强东部河流上的蓄水和改道基础设施建设。像沙浦尔坎迪（Shahpur Kandi）、乌杰（Ujh）和拉特莱（Rattle）等项目可以优先考虑。快速推进项目建设、具备政治决心以及各机构间的协调配合至关重要。”

他指出，印度暂停执行该条约的决定为其对河流资源实施战略控制打开了大门，并表示：“在两年内，通过简化审批流程并行使紧急执行权力，印度能够大幅减少流向巴基斯坦的河流水量，并将其改道引向本国各邦，从而加强自身的水安全，并维护其战略和水文主权。”

以下是印度时报读者的评论：

Munshi
About ten years ago, after a terror strike, Modi diligently coined a Jumla, 'Blood and Water Will not Flow Together.'
Nothing has changed after that.

大约十年前，在一次恐怖袭击发生后，莫迪煞费苦心地编造了一句空话：“血与水不能同流。”自那以后，情况毫无改变。

KP
Imbeciles who follow Pappu for daily feed certainly will remain clueless of development in ground since that statement was made. Dam and barrage construction had started on western rivers and such projects doesn't come to conclusion overnight. In the mean keep applying burnol.

那些成天追随拉胡尔的蠢货，肯定对自那声明发布以来的实际发展情况一无所知。西部河流上的大坝和水闸建设已经启动，而这类工程不可能一蹴而就。在此期间，就继续自我安慰吧

Support India India
Only blinds can not see the change in situation during Modi Govt.
Daily bomb blasts , terror attack all over country and paralysed Kashmir have become things of past....
Ofcourse lot of commission agents , power brokers and zehadi network is facing unemployment.. Rahul is also unemployed and has to open a Gandhi film company to shoot his daily films .

只有那些视而不见的人才看不到莫迪政府执政期间的变化。曾经全国隔三差五地爆炸、恐怖袭击以及陷入瘫痪的克什米尔地区，都已成为过去。当然，现在很多掮客、权力掮客和圣战组织网络正面临失业。拉胡尔也失业了，不得不开办一家甘地电影公司，拍摄他的日常影片。

Dayakar Yadav
construction of highways at present may be diverted to construction of water storage and hydroelectric power generation dams on priority.

目前，高速公路的建设或许可以先放一放，优先转向蓄水和水力发电大坝的建设。

Gidos
Providing water to devils is like funding napak for zehaadon Hind, our position should be that these namakharaamzaade must be starved of death.

给恶魔提供水源，就如同资助那些玷污印度思想的不洁之徒，我们的立场应该是，绝不能让这些不敬之人有水源可用，让他们活活渴死。

Mukesh Advani
India will do nothing. The armed forces have again been caught nap.

印度什么也不会做。武装部队又一次陷入了懈怠状态。

User Factual
The suspension of IWT is one of the best things the GOI did. It now gives India great leverage over Pakistan. Do not re-instate or sign any treaty until Pakistan breaks up and then invite all break-up parts to negotiate, and watch them fight.

印度政府暂停《印度河水条约》是做过的最明智的举措之一。

印度现在对巴基斯坦有了很大的影响力。在巴基斯坦解体之前，不要恢复或签署任何条约，等它解体后，一个一个找他们谈判，然后坐山观虎斗。

Bimal Bedi
It is important to reply to the terror killings in Pahalgam in a subtle way . Hot war should be avoided since cold war like steps to reduce water supply should serve the purpose . Pakistan has a "iron clad " relationship with China , a country which has invested trillions of dollars in Pakistan . China's pet project Belt & Road Initiative runs through a good part of POK . It has already expressed support to protect the sovereignty & territorial integrity of Pakistan. India should keep this equation in mind . Chinese economy & military is 4 times bigger than that of our country .

以一种巧妙的方式回应在帕尔加姆发生的恐怖杀戮事件至关重要。应该避免发生热战，采取类似冷战时期的减少供水措施就可以达到目的。

巴基斯坦与中国的关系非常铁，中国已在巴基斯坦投资了数万亿美元。中国的重点项目“一带一路”倡议贯穿了巴基斯坦控制的克什米尔地区（POK）的很大一部分。中国已经表示支持维护巴基斯坦的主权和领土完整。印度应该牢记这一情况。中国的经济和军事规模是印度的四倍。

Jagdish Chandra
After independence, India's political history has been a rough record or a brittle status graph. At the international level, India has been portrayed as cowards or snake charmers, and it has even succeeded in preventing starvation deaths that were left behind by foreign invaders. In its new form, India is not only providing free food to its 800 million people but also exporting 40% of its rice to feed the world. However, it's regrettable that political meddling has left the messy chicken meme behind, demonstrating from the ground up that even though India is making great strides to become the third largest economy in the world, it lacks the merit to address the outdated, bloating graph of cowardice. Even in a saturated situation, India has enough manpower to control the radicalized Islamic phobia. This is the question raised when India put foot in shoes of Jewish state of Israel to deal with the Islamic radicalization phobia that is exploited by the northern and western borders.

印度独立后，政治历史充满坎坷，发展状况也不尽如人意。在国际上，印度一直被描绘成懦夫或耍蛇人，即便如此，印度还是成功避免了因外国侵略者遗留问题导致的饥荒死亡。

如今，印度不仅为8亿民众提供免费食物，还将40%的大米用于出口，养活了世界其他地方的人。

然而，令人遗憾的是，政治干预留下了一堆混乱的局面，这从根本上表明，尽管印度在努力成为世界第三大经济体方面取得了巨大进展，但它仍缺乏改变过去那些懦弱形象的能力。

即使在形势严峻的情况下，印度也有足够的人力来应对ysl极端化带来的恐惧。

Neel Kamal
The people of Pakistan should be ever grateful to India for not having used such a great weapon against them since the agreement was entered into almost 60 years back. In return, they always tried to hit India through terrorism act. Enough is enough now and the time has come now to give them a good lesson and it is possible only through Modi Ji.

自大约60年前达成协议以来，巴基斯坦人民应该永远感激印度没有用这样强大的“武器”对付他们。然而，作为回报，他们却总是通过恐怖主义行动来打击印度。现在已经忍无可忍了，是时候给他们一个深刻的教训了，而这只有通过莫迪先生才能实现。

Rrp
Modi Hai To Mumkeen Hai is a passe! Now is the time to demonstrate to janata, Modi Hai To JALDII JALDII Mumkeen Hai! And sure he will demonstrate that very soon! India should remain united behind him.

“有莫迪，就有可能”这句话已经过时了！现在是时候向民众证明，“有莫迪，很快就能实现目标”！而且相信他很快就会证明这一点！印度人民应该团结在他身后。

Lalit Gehani
If there is no infrastructure currently then build it ASAP and stop the water permanently for these nonsense pakistan

如果目前没有相关基础设施，那就尽快建设，然后永久性地切断对这个蛮不讲理的巴基斯坦的供水。

Support India India
The bookish experts do not know resolve of Modi Govt.. tunnel works already started 5 year back..Hights of dames can be increased within months with modern machinery.. fortunately no major populations to evacuate.
Also the" Thought" that Pakistan will have no water from major rivers , will derive them mad.
Stop the food or water supplies of enemy and y the fort can be conquered without blood shade..

那些只会纸上谈兵的专家根本不了解莫迪政府的决心。隧道工程早在五年前就已经启动了。利用现代机械设备，几个月内就能提高大坝的高度。幸运的是，不需要疏散大量人口。而且，一想到巴基斯坦将无法从主要河流获得水源，他们就会抓狂。切断敌人的食物或水源供应，这样不费一兵一卒就能攻克他们的堡垒。

Anil M
India government should try to reduce Kasmiris over dependence on the tourism industry. Kasmir has huge potential for cash crops and horticulture. All that is needed is the present peace of development along with hope of making step by step progress. It is ironic that even apple plantations in Kashmir valley did not achieve its expected potential and India is the net importer of apple.

印度政府应该努力减少克什米尔人对旅游业的过度依赖。克什米尔的经济作物种植和园艺业方面的潜力很大。现在所需要的是当前的和平发展环境，以及逐步取得进展的希望。具有讽刺意味的是，即便克什米尔山谷的苹果种植园也没有发挥出预期的潜力，而印度还是苹果的净进口国。

Prakash Poduval
never time..take your time..let it hit people of Pakistan which should ultimately blame the Rouge army for the mess it brought them

不用着急，慢慢来。就让巴基斯坦人民感受到压力，他们最终应该会把所面临的困境归咎于那支胡作非为的军队

Vivek Mittal
this all is possible only if India keep on its stance and does not change

只有印度坚持自己的立场，不改变，这一切才有可能实现。

Rajesh Rishi
better late than never... lesson should be given....so that public of Pakistan feel the heat

迟做总比不做好，应该给巴基斯坦一个教训。好让巴基斯坦民众感受到压力。

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