How will India build up its own manufacturing supply chains if Chinese companies refuse to cooperate because some Chinese companies have previously been burned in India?

有些中国企业之前在印度受尽磋磨，如果中国企业拒绝合作，印度该如何打造自己的制造业供应链？

以下是Quora网友的评论：

Muthu Kumar

I doubt India can match the Chinese supply-chain network which is the state of art. And China didn’t do it overnight. It took long time for Chinese to set up such a vast network .

But India on the other hand is totally opposite. So, it may take at least 2–3 decades for India to match what’s China today. But by then, China would’ve gone much MUCH ahead.

我怀疑印度能否赶超中国的供应链网络，中国的供应链网络是全球最先进的。中国的成就也不是一日之功。中国人花了很长时间才打造起如此庞大的网络。

但另一方面，印度则完全相反。因此，印度可能需要至少20 - 30年才能赶上今天的中国。但等到那个时候，中国又会继续领先许多。

So, if India truly wants to have it’s own manufacturing supply-chain, it should work SO AGGRESSIVELY like a devil (without hurting the environment and public as much as possible and paying the due compensation to those affected and offering due rehabilitation, if necessary) 24 X 7 X 365. Those who involve in corruption and compromise on quality in setting up this network should be given capital punishment.

Ohhh … it’s only an utopian dream. It won’t happen in India anytime soon.

所以，如果印度真的想拥有自己的制造业供应链，就必须像魔鬼一样，24 × 7 × 365，日夜不眠地努力(尽可能不伤害环境和公众，向受到影响的人支付应有的赔偿，并在必要时恢复原状)。那些在供应链建设中胆敢贪污腐败、牺牲质量的人都该被判处死刑。

这只是一个乌托邦式的梦想，短期内不可能在印度发生。

Carsten Junge

Exactly how I will not know, but one should not underestimate their ability to do so: All though my travels to this country lies several years back, you have a large portion of the population that is well educated and speak English very well. Secondly these are very resourceful people, who achieve unimaginable things in spite of the chaos they call a society. Even if the Chinese would actively try to prevent India from setting up anything, I believe they would still be able to do so.

我不知道具体该如何做，但人们不应该低估他们的能力：我几年前就去过印度，你们中有很大一部分人口都受过良好的教育，英语水平很高。其次，印度人都是非常足智多谋的人，在他们称之为社会的混乱中，还是取得了难以想象的成就。就算中国人想方设法阻止印度，我相信印度仍然能够完成目标。

As with the Chinese, who settles in other countries, so do the Indians, but you do not notice that in the same way because they do not set them selves up in China towns everywhere. I have not heard of a Little Delhi anywhere.

China does not play any role in the success of India; If they can control the chaos they call a country, they can get far.

中国人在其他国家定居，印度人也一样，但你不会注意到这一点，因为他们没有什么中国城。我从没听说过哪里有小德里。

中国并未在印度的成功中发挥过什么作用；如果能控制他们国家的混乱局面，印度就能走得更远。

Umair Usman

India has large manufacturing but its not even close to the level at which the Chinese operate.

If companies want to use ‘India’ to manufacture and avoid any duties and customs, they may end up doing some assembly work in India.

However if its about moving whole supply chains in India, well that is impossible in the foreseeable future.

First of all, supply chains are a global puzzle. China is the biggest part of this puzzle. No matter what India does it will end up relying on China for a large chunk of its inputs.

印度也有庞大的制造业，但远远比不上中国。

如果企业想让“印度”来制造，避开关税，他们也许只会在印度进行一些组装工作。

但如果要把整个供应链转移到印度，在可预见的未来绝对是不可能的。

首先，供应链是一个全球性的难题。中国是其中最大的组成部分。无论印度做什么，它最终只能依赖中国的大量投入。

Yogendra S. Chauhan

Related

What should be India’s strategy to attract manufacturing companies thinking to shift their base from China?

印度应该采取什么战略来吸引制造业企业将基地从中国转移出去?

India has to completely overhaul its economic policies and reduce the bureaucratic hassle that is encountered by a foreign company in establishing a manufacturing unit in India. Many foreign companies have shown their back to India because of delays, corruption, availability of power, lack of incentives, etc.

many countries have decided to pull out their businesses from China. The obvious destination is India provided our government gives these companies better terms than China.

印度必须彻底对经济政策进行改革，解决外国企业在印度建厂时遇到的官僚主义麻烦。因为延误、腐败、电力供应不足、缺乏激励等原因，许多外国企业都已经离开了印度。

现在有一个转瞬即逝、失不再来的黄金机会。许多外国公司决定从中国撤离。很显然，最佳目的地就是印度，但我们的政府必须先给这些企业提供比中国更优厚的待遇。

India is at the juncture of becoming a great economic power. I fervently hope our bureaucrats have the good sense of not blowing away this opportunity of the century.

印度已经走到了奔向经济大国的关键点。我热切地希望我们的官员们保持足够的判断力，不要错过这个世纪机会。

Yogesh Prajapati

Related

Why is it easier for Chinese companies to deliver their goods all over the world compared to Indian companies?

There are several reasons why it is easier for Chinese companies to deliver their goods all over the world compared to Indian companies:

为什么中国企业比印度企业更容易向世界各地运送货物？

和印度企业相比，中国企业在世界各地运送货物更容易，原因如下：

1. Infrastructure: China has a modern and efficient infrastructure, which includes world-class ports, airports, and highways. This makes it easier for Chinese companies to transport their goods quickly and efficiently to markets all over the world.

2. Manufacturing Capabilities: China is known for its manufacturing capabilities and has a large pool of skilled labor. Chinese companies have the expertise to manufacture products in large quantities quickly and efficiently, which enables them to meet the demand of customers around the world.

1. 基础设施：中国拥有现代、高效的基础设施，包括世界一流的港口、机场和高速公路。中国企业可以更容易、更快速、更高效地将货物运往世界各地的市场。

2. 制造能力：中国的制造能力享誉全球，拥有大量熟练劳动力。中国企业拥有快速高效的大批量生产商品的能力，他们能够满足世界各地客户的需求。

3. Government Support: The chinese has implemented policies to support the development of its export industry. This includes providing financial incentives, tax breaks, and other support to Chinese companies that export their products.

4. Technology: Chinese companies have access to the latest technology and equipment, which allows them to produce high-quality products at a lower cost. This enables them to offer competitive pricing in the global market.

3. 政府支持：中国积极执行支持出口产业发展的政策，比如为出口商品的中国企业提供财政激励、税收减免和其他支持。

4. 技术：中国企业可以获得最新的技术和设备，因此能够以较低的成本生产高质量的产品。他们能够在全球市场上提供有竞争力的价格。

5. Market Access: China has established trade agreements with many countries around the world, which makes it easier for Chinese companies to export their products to these markets. Additionally, China has a large domestic market, which enables Chinese companies to achieve economies of scale, making their products more affordable.

5. 市场准入：中国和多国家都签订了贸易协定，中国企业更容易向这些市场出口产品。此外，中国还有一个庞大的国内市场，中国企业能够实现规模经济，让商品价格更实惠。

On the other hand, Indian companies face several challenges in delivering their goods all over the world. These challenges include inadequate infrastructure, limited manufacturing capabilities, and lack of government support, among others. However, India is working towards improving its infrastructure and manufacturing capabilities, and Indian companies are increasingly becoming competitive in the global market.

另一方面，印度企业在国际运输方面面临着一些挑战，比如基础设施不足、制造能力有限、缺乏政府支持等。但印度正在努力改善基础设施和制造能力，印度企业在全球市场上的竞争力也越来越高。

Jayesh Lalwani

Related

Why aren't Indian companies capable of making "Cheap but good" products like Chinese companies?

China has invested in infrastructure a lot more than India has.

For example, the biggest port in India is Jawarhlal Nehru port in Mumbai. It ships 56 million tons of cargo a year. The biggest port in China is Shanghai and it can ship 755 million tons of cargo a year. In fact look at the List of busiest container ports - Wikipedia. Not only does China have a hell of lot of ports (compared to everyone else). Most of their ports are larger than Mumbai Port. It’s rather difficult to produce and export a lot of goods in India when you don’t have the ports to ship raw materials in, and ship goods out

China produces and consumes a lot of electricity too. India has a per capita consumption of 765Kwh per annum. China, OTH has a per capita consumption of 3762Kwh. Most of this electricity is used to power machinery and run factories.

为什么印度企业不能像中国企业那样生产出物美价廉的产品?

中国在基础设施方面的投资比印度多得多。

例如，印度最大的港口是孟买的贾瓦哈拉尼赫鲁港，每年可以吞吐5600万吨货物。中国最大的港口是上海，每年的吞吐量达到7.55亿吨。看看全球最繁忙的集装箱港口名单吧。中国不仅港口众多(和其他国家相比)，其中大多数都比孟买港大。在印度，如果没有港口来运送原材料和货物，那么生产和出口都会相当困难。

中国的发电量和耗电量都很大。印度的人均年用电量为765千瓦时。中国的人均用电量为3762千瓦时。大部分的电力都用于机器和工厂的运作。

Any Related Question you can ask Me

Related

How do Chinese manufacturers ensure supply chain transparency and traceability?

Chinese manufacturers can ensure supply chain transparency and traceability by implementing various measures and technologies. These include:

中国制造商如何确保供应链的透明度和可溯源性？

中国制造商可以通过各种措施和技术来确保供应链的透明度和可溯源性，其中包括：

1. Blockchain technology: Blockchain allows for secure, decentralized record-kee, which can make supply chain tracking more transparent and tamper-proof. Some Chinese manufacturers are using blockchain to track materials and products throughout the production process.

2. Supplier audits and certifications: Many Chinese manufacturers conduct regular audits of their suppliers, and may require certifications related to environmental or social responsibility as a condition of doing business.

1. 区块链技术：区块链可以使记录安全可靠、去中心化，供应链追溯更加透明、无法篡改。一些中国制造商正在使用区块链技术跟踪整个生产过程中的材料和产品。

2. 供应商审核和认证：许多中国制造商对供应商进行定期审核，并把进行和环境或社会责任相关的认证作为开展合作的条件。

3. Product tagging and labeling: Chinese manufacturers can use tagging and labeling systems to track products from raw materials to finished goods. This can help ensure that materials and products are sourced ethically and sustainably.

4. Partnership with supply chain traceability providers: Some Chinese manufacturers partner with supply chain traceability providers that offer services like real-time GPS tracking, lot tracing, and risk assessments for suppliers.

3. 产品标签：中国制造商可以使用标签和标签系统来追溯从原材料到成品的过程。这有助于确保材料和产品的采购符合道德规范和可持续发展。

4. 与供应链中具备可溯源性的供货商合作：一些中国制造商与供应链可溯源性供货商进行合作，后者为供应商提供实时GPS跟踪、批次跟踪和风险评估等服务。

5. Open communication and collaboration: Chinese manufacturers can work with suppliers to create a culture of openness and collaboration. This can help identify potential risks and opportunities for improvement in the supply chain.

5. 开放的沟通和协作：中国制造商可以和供应商合作，创造一种开放、协作的文化。这有助于识别供应链中潜在的风险、提供改进的机会。

Overall, supply chain transparency and traceability is an ongoing process, and Chinese manufacturers must have a strong commitment to ethical and sustainable practices in order to ensure that their products are produced in a responsible manner.

总体而言，供应链的透明度和可溯源性正在蓬勃发展，中国制造商必须对道德和可持续实践做出坚定的承诺，以确保他们确实以负责任的方式生产商品。

John Tan

India will have much problems they need to resolve before even thinking of becoming a manufacturer. The obvious ones being how to resolve their social divide of Cast, Class, Race, & Religion. After which they need to resolve their acute corruption problem.

在决心成为制造大国之前，印度有很多问题亟需解决。最紧要的就是解决种姓、阶级、种族和宗教的社会分歧。接下来，他们还需要解决严重的腐败问题。

Richard Kenneth Eng

Frankly, India has fucked itself good and hard. Its hostile attitude towards foreign businesses is totally perplexng and defies rationality. One can only imagine India is committing some kind of ritual economic suicide.

坦率地说，印度把自己搞得左右为难。印度对外国企业的敌对态度令人费解，完全失去了理性。让人不免怀疑印度正在进行某种经济自杀仪式。

Dan-Wee Loh

Good point. India has to seek cooperation from USA, UK, Canada, EU, Australia and NZ. Yes thhose cpuntries that share the same de ocractic political ideology as India. But some of these countries also burnt in India before. So Who dares to invest in India ?

这是一个好主意。印度必须寻求美国、英国、加拿大、欧盟、澳大利亚和新西兰的合作。是的，那些和印度有着相同政治意识形态的国家。但其中也有些国家在印度备受煎熬。谁还敢在印度投资？