Is China so backwards that they don't use and know about credit cards?

中国那么落后吗？都不用信用卡？

以下是Quora网友的评论：

KokHin Lim

Let me help you and others understand China.

China grew from a nation with a GDP of Zambia into the biggest economy in the world in PPP real value terms because of many reasons.

我来帮你们了解一下中国吧。

中国从GDP和赞比亚差不多水平一跃发展成为世界最大经济体（以购买力平价来计算），原因有很多。

One it leap frog technology and stop wastages. Such as China leapfrog from no communication to smart phones bypassing land lines and computers. It leapfrog from Little cash into as cashless society leaving the west behind bypassing banks, credit cards and avoid paying commissions!

一是技术的突飞猛进，杜绝浪费。比如中国从没有通信设备直接越过座机和电脑阶段，进入智能手机时代。中国从“少量现金”直接跨入“无现金社会”，把西方国家远远甩在了身后，绕过了银行、信用卡，也不用支付佣金！

Chinese manufacturing today uses the most automation and robots. China alone deploy more robots that the rest of the world put together. It leapfrog from manual labour to full automation leaving the factory floors to robots. That is the reason China escaped the middle income trap. And allowed the Chinese to grow their real income 30 times in 40 years.

如今，中国制造业使用的自动化和机器人数量是全球最多的。仅仅中国一个国家就安装了比世界其他国家加起来都要多的机器人。中国从手工制造跨越到了完全自动化阶段，将工厂车间留给机器人。这就是中国能够摆脱中等收入陷阱的原因，令中国人的实际收入在40年内增长了30倍。

Chinese transportation leapfrog from steam engines to 400 KM per hour high speed train crisscrossing China. Today China’s high speed railway is 120’000 kilometres length close to circumnavigating earth twice! It’s high speed railway line is longer than the entire world put together.

中国的公共交通从蒸汽火车大跨步发展到了时速400公里、纵横交错的高铁网络。今天中国的高铁网络里程达到12万公里，约等于环绕地球两圈！比世界其他国家高铁里程的总和还要长。

So I hope I have educate you to know that there is a fine line between China is so backward as you pointed out or you slur and China is brilliant it thinks 3 steps ahead of you and the west!

我希望我这些话能让你知道，你所谓的中国如此落后只是一种诽谤，现在的中国是成功夺目的，比你们这些西方国家领先了可不止一星半点。

Alex Liu

Lol, I got my 1st credit card issued by China Merchant Bank in 2008.

ur question makes me astonished, and I wonder the ‘China’ I lived before is completely different from the one in ur world line.

哈哈，我在2008年拿到了我的第一张信用卡，招商银行发行的。

你的问题让我很惊讶，我好奇我以前生活的“中国”和你眼中的“中国”是两个国家吗。

Robert Vannrox

The world is not as you might believe it to be.

Imagine a world where there are two ways to conduct commerce. One half of the world chooses one method, and the other half chooses another.

世界跟你的想象并不一样。

想象一下，世界上有两种商业模式。一半人选择其中之一，其他人选择另外一种。

In the West, led by the United States, is a commerce system based on an extraction of wealth.

People work, and they labor. The government take a part of that labor in the form of taxes, fees, clauses, penalties, and regulations. Under that layer is another layer. These are the banking transfer fees, the interest and debt schedules and all the associated rules that one must abide by to use that system. Beneath that system, is a system of organizations. Where to use that organization or society, fees are extracted, prices are managed, and profits are massaged. Beneath that system is a system of businesses, that have their own fees, charges, and profit schedules, and then beneath that is the worker.

以美国为首的西方国家选择的是一种以榨取财富为基础的商业体系。

人们工作、劳动。政府以税收、规费、条款、惩罚和规章的形式收取部分劳动所得。这还没完，还有银行的转帐费用、利息和贷款计划以及使用该体系必须遵守的所有相关规定。在这个体系之下，又是一个组织框架。在该组织或社会内收取费用，管理价格，并截取利润。在这个框架之下又是一个生意圈，有各自的费用、手续费和利润表，再往下是工人阶层。

For a worker to labor and make money, all of the systems of wealth extraction gets paid first. What ever is left, goes to the worker. Who is then taxes on it, and uses it for his and her own purposes.

对于一个靠劳动赚钱的工人来说，这些财富榨取体系都会优先获得报酬。剩下部分才归工人所有。随后对其征税，才能花在自己身上。

In the East, led by China, is a commerce system based on ownership.

If a person earns money though labor, that money is converted electronically into a value, and the mass amount of that value is accessible to the worker. No government, person, entity, organization can siphon income away from that value. It is against the law.

以中国为首的东方国家选择的是一种以所有制为基础的商业体系。

如果一个人通过劳动赚了钱，这些钱就会通过电子方式转化为数值，工人可以积攒较大数额。任何政府、个人、实体、组织都不能从中榨取一丝一毫。这是违法的。

Now that is the “quick and dirty” overview. Both systems, have very, very complex subsystems of control and monitoring. Both systems have those that get rich and those that get poor. Both systems are independent of each other, and collaboration between the two systems is possible with “guardrails”.

这两个体系都拥有非常非常复杂的监控系统。两种体制下都有富人，也有穷人。这两个体系是相互独立存在的，两个体系之间的协作可以通过“设立护栏”来实现。

But what about the question?

Why doesn’t China use “credit cards”?

Credit cards is a Western fabrication and means of wealth extraction. A person is not using money they earned. They are borrowing money from a bank and renting the use of it from the bank.

但这个问题该怎么回答呢？

为什么中国不用“信用卡”？

信用卡是西方捏造出来的产物，是一种榨取财富的手段。人们花的不是他们挣来的钱，而是从银行借钱，从银行租用资金来消费。

China uses a system of ownership. A person earns money, and it goes into a bank. Then the Chinese person uses a QR, and biometic scan to extract the money to buy something with it.

That being said, there are areas of overlap between the Western system and the Eastern system of commerce. For instance, you can get loans and mortgages inside of China, just like you can in the United States. The big difference is that the vast bulk of transactions differ substantially between the East and the West.

中国实行的是所有制。人们赚了钱就存入银行，再使用二维码和生物识别手段来取钱，购物消费。

话虽如此，西方和东方的商业体系之间还是有相似的地方。例如，你可以在中国境内获得贷款和抵押贷款，就像美国一样。最大的不同之处在于，东西方之间的大量交易存在着很大的不同。

China. Africa sees results from China. They see dams, hospitals, road and rail. they see ports, and real tangible aid. The African nations OWN these properties, and these systems. They are tangible. They can be seen. They can be touched. they can be felt.

United States. Africa hears a lot of “flowery words” from the United States. Promises of this and that, and military weapons, and military bases. But no roads. No hospitals. No trains. No ports. An occasional plane-load of “greenbacks” that are delivered to the wealthy in a nations, but that is about it. Those African nations so entangled in agreements with the United States enter into debt with them. It’s all nice numbers on spreadsheets, and documents with many impressive signatures, but for the average person “on the street” there isn’t any change in lifestyle.

中国。非洲看到了中国带来的实实在在的成果。他们看到了水坝、医院、公路和铁路的落成。他们看到了港口，看到了实实在在的援助。非洲国家拥有这些资产，它们是有形的，能被人们看到、摸到、感觉到。

美国。非洲没少听过美国的“花言巧语”。美国许下了这样那样的承诺，军事武器，军事基地，但就是没有道路，没有医院，没有火车，也没有港口。

偶尔美国会派出一架满载“美元”的飞机，送到富人手中，但仅此而已。那些跟美国签下协议、纠缠不清的非洲国家都已债台高筑。

报表上的数字很亮眼，文件上有的签字令人印象深刻，但对于“大街上”的普通百姓而言，生活并没有任何改变。

Meanwhile the entirety of the Global South, via the BRI, are investing in a “basket of currencies” one based on tangible commodities; hard physical items that can be touched, felt and measured.

While the West, led by the United States, are forcing a system of debt upon their allies and “friends”.

而与此同时，整个南半球国家都透过“一带一路”投资于基于有形商品、可以触摸和估量的硬实物的“一揽子货币”。

而以美国为首的西方国家则一直迫使其盟国和“友国”承担债务。

Let’s perform a sanity check.

If this description, one where the West and the East differ in mans of fundamental commerce and economic theory, then it should manifest in a myriad of ways. Let’s look at home ownership.

United States home ownership (full) = 34%

China home ownership (full) = 90%

我们可以做个测试。

如果东西方在基本商业和经济理论方面存在不同之处，那么它会通过无数种方式得到表现。让我们看看房屋所有权。

美国住房拥有率(完全持有)= 34%

中国住房自有率(完全持有)= 90%

Obviously, the nation that functions via wealth extraction will have the bulk of it’s citizenry in debt. While the nation that functions on an ownership basis would have the bulk of it’s citizenry invested in self ownership of properties.

显然，通过榨取财富来运作的国家会有大量公民负债累累。而一个以所有权为基础的国家则有大部分公民拥有资产的自有权。

Chris Garcia

Congratulations, Vazeha Lakanese, on posting one of the stupidest questions ever seen on Quora. It takes severe mental illness to even imagine that China doesn’t have a well-developed credit card system already in place.

恭喜Vazeha Lakanese，你在Quora上发布了有史以来最愚蠢的问题之一。只有严重精神病的人才会认为中国没有完善的信用卡系统。

For at least the past 30 years China has had a credit card system that is, in many ways, even better than the system in place in the US. In approxmately 1993 China started out with a Visa card that was what we might term a quasi credit card. The card is linked to your normal bank account and earns interest on your account balance, but also allows you to spend via what we might call a modest overdraft line of credit. Given that Chinese people have not developed an addiction to credit as many in the US have, people in China generally prefer to spend their own money and not borrow from the bank.

在过去30年里，中国的信用卡系统在许多方面都比美国更好。中国大约在1993年开始发行Visa卡，也就是我们所说的准信用卡。这个卡和银行账户挂钩，通过账户余额赚取利息，但也可以在一定的信贷额度内透支消费。中国人不像很多美国人那样迷恋透支消费，中国人通常更喜欢花自己的钱，而非向银行借钱。

A year or so later, China introduced an actual dual currency credit card. The card could be used inside of China via the UnionPay network and overseas via either the Visa, MasterCard or American Express network. Also, UnionPay has had a relationship with Discover which for approxmately 25 years now has allowed all UnionPay credit cards to be used anywhere in the US that accepts Discover as well as giving Discover access to the Chinese market.

大约一年后，中国推出了真正的双货币信用卡。这种信用卡在中国境内可通过银联网络使用，在海外可通过Visa、万事达或美国运通网络使用。此外，银联与Discover已经建立了约25年的合作关系，所有银联信用卡都可以在美国任何接受Discover的地方使用，Discover也得以进入中国市场。

Now China has at least 3 times the number of credit cards in exstence than the US and Canada combined. Also, default rates in China are infinitesimal compared to the US. China also has two major e-payment apps that each make Apple Pay look like a joke.

现在中国的信用卡数量至少是美国和加拿大目前信用卡保有量总和的3倍。此外，和美国相比，中国信用卡用户的违约率非常低。中国还有两大电子支付应用，都让苹果支付十分可笑。

Fred Chuatiuco

China is actually light years ahead of all Western countries - finance-wise. They leapfrogged the credit cards and went directly to direct bank account charges (with QR codes) and are now a cashless society. Furthermore, they’re into the next generation finance with their own national digitized currency eYuan that will be instrumental to the establishment of an alternative global trade credit system using a digitized platform.

在金融方面，中国实际已领先所有西方国家若干个光年了。中国跳过了信用卡阶段，直接从银行账户扣费(使用二维码)，现在中国已经是一个无现金的社会了。此外，他们还通过自己的国家数字化货币eYuan进入到下一代金融时代了，这将有助于建立一个使用数字化平台的全球交易信用替代体系。

In the meantime, the West is stuck with its credit card industry and unable to move forward.

而与此同时，西方国家困在信用卡行业中，无法向前迈进。

Just use common sense to consider this: this is a billion dollar cash-cow industry for Western commercial banks, why would they want to give up such a lucrative business to move on to a digitized world that would certainly outlaw the usurious rate and charges that they’re now earning? The banking system has been fighting tooth and nail to retain the status quo. It’s unfortunate that this system is victimizing the people lest able to afford this financial burden - the working class that has grown accustomed to using credit card debt to supplement getting by with today’s increasing cost of living.

只要用常识来思考一下就知道了：这是西方商业银行价值10亿美元的摇钱树行业，他们为什么要放弃这样一个利润丰厚的业务，转向一个必将取缔目前这种高利贷利率和收费的数字化世界呢？银行系统一直拼命挣扎，维持现状。不幸的是，信用卡体系使那些无力承受经济负担的人深受其害——工人阶级早已习惯于依赖信用卡负债来补贴如今日益增长的生活成本了。